HomeMy Public PortalAboutBy-law 2023-23 Adopt Salt Management PlanCORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF TWEED
BY-LAW NO. 2023-23
Being a By -Law to Adopt a Salt Management Plan for the Municipality of Tweed, and
to Repeal By-law No. 2005-48.
WHEREAS Section 27 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 25, as amended,
provides that a municipality may pass by-laws in respect of highways over which the
municipality has jurisdiction;
AND WHEREAS the Municipality of Tweed has jurisdiction over the highways,
hereinafter referred to as roads, within the boundaries of the Municipality of Tweed
and provides maintenance, which includes the use of road salts, on these roads;
AND WHEREAS the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed deems it
desirable to comply with the Code of Practice for Environmental Management of
Road Salts through the development of a salt management plan;
NOW THEREFORE the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed
enacts as follows:
1. THAT the Salt Management Plan attached hereto as Schedule 'A' to this
By-law be adopted as the Salt Management Plan for the Municipality of
Tweed.
2. THAT By-law No. 2005-48 is hereby repealed in its entirety.
3. THAT this By-law shall come into force and take effect immediately upon the
passing thereof by the Council of the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed.
Read a first, second, and third and final time, passed, signed, and sealed in open
Council this 11th day of April, 2023.
L,-/Z?(z&tow,
MAYOR
CLERK
SCHEDULE 'A' TO BY-LAW NO. 2023-23
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed
Salt Management Plan
Original Approved by Council: June 21, 2005
Revision 1: April 11, 2023
Purpose of this Document
This Salt Management Plan (SMP sets out a policy and procedural framework for
ensuring that the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed continuously improves on the
effective delivery of winter maintenance services and the management of road salt used
in winter maintenance operations, as outlined in Environment Canada's Code of
Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salts.
The SMP is meant to be dynamic to allow the municipality to evaluate and phase -in any
changes, new approaches and technologies in winter maintenance activities in a fiscally
sound manner. At the same time, any modifications to municipal winter maintenance
activities must ensure that roadway safety is not compromised.
As specified in the Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road
Salts, the SMP is endorsed by the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed Council
Salt Management - Objective
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed committed to improving winter
maintenance operations while continuing to ensure pubic safety. The Corporation of the
Municipality of Tweed will optimize the use of winter maintenance materials containing
chlorides on all municipal roads while striving to minimize negative impacts to the
environment. The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed public works staff will strive
to provide safe winter road conditions for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as set out in
the level of service policies and within the resources established by the Corporation of
the Municipality of Tweed Council.
Policy Statement
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed will provide efficient and effective winter
maintenance to ensure the safety of users of the municipal road network in keeping with
applicable provincial legislation and accepted standards while striving to minimize
adverse impacts to the environment. These commitments will be met by:
• adhering to the procedures contained within the Salt Management Plan;
• reviewing and upgrading the Salt Management Plan on an annual basis to
incorporate new technologies and new developments;
• committing to ongoing winter maintenance staff training and education; and
• monitoring on an annual basis, the present conditions of the winter maintenance
program, as well as the effectiveness of the Salt Management Plan.
Current Winter Maintenance Program
1.1.0 The System Maintained
The major activities related to winter maintenance are:
• snow plowing
• salt / sand spreading
• salt and sand storage
• snow removal
• snow storage
• sidewalk plowing and de-icing
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed is responsible for winter maintenance on:
Paved roads
Surface treated roads
Unpaved roads
Sidewalks
Paths and Trails
61.20 2 lane km (centre line)
254.05 2 lane km (centre line)
507.03 2 lane km (centre line)
7 km
n/a
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed roads have been classified (Class 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 and 6) per Reg. 239/02 which is based on the posted/regulated speed and annual
average daily traffic (AADT) in order that Level of Service and/or Minimum Maintenance
Standards can be set for each classification of road. See LOS below.
The road system is made up of the following roads. The table shows lane kilometres.
Paved
Surface Treated
Unpaved
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Class 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Class 2
0
1.16
0
0
0
0
Class 3
12.65
1.4
17.90
0
0
0
Class 4
11.04
1.56
136.73
0
0
0.91
Class 5
0
28.70
0
2.40
0
1.17
1.1.1 Level of Service Policy
In accordance with Ontario Regulation 239/02, Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001,
c.25, as amended, Minimum Maintenance Standards as set out and approved by
By-law 2018-21.
The Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salts, under
the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 recommends that the Salt
Management Plan follows the Transportation Association of Canada, Syntheses of Best
Practices for Road Salt Management.
1.1.2 Winter Patrol
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed carries out winter patrol 24 hours per day /
7 days per week. In each maintenance area, a rotating one person road patrol has been
established to provide road condition inspection during the winter season. This individual
is responsible for mobilizing winter maintenance operators to ensure that the roads are
cleared in a timely fashion while remaining in compliance with established service
standards.
The patrollers are familiar with local conditions in their patrol area, and prepare a
condition log of road and weather conditions as well as any actions taken during the
shift. The winter patrol schedule parallels the designated winter season.
1.1.3 Staffing and Hours of Work
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed has a full time employee assigned to each
vehicle used for winter operations. Each vehicle is assigned a route for sanding/salting
and/or plowing.
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed adheres to the hours of work as set out in
the Highway Traffic Act, Reg.4/93. When the driver has completed his 13 hours driving
time in their 15 hour on -duty time, they then are sent home for the 8 hour off -duty period
before driving the next shift. There is no second shift.
Staffing for Winter Maintenance
Employee
Job Title
Unit
Assigned
Comments
Route
Ron Walters
Equipment Operator
1
Combo
n/a
Brendan Veerman
Equipment Operator
10
Combo
n/a
Darrell Moore
Equipment Operator
40
Combo
n/a
Mitch Latchford
Equipment Operator
20
Combo
n/a
Dave Vilneff
Equipment Operator
60
Combo
n/a
Randy Holmes
Equipment Operator
70
Combo
n/a
Trevor Prevost
Public Works Supervisor
302
Day Patrol
n/a
Jeff Whalen
Equipment Operator
301
Night Patrol
n/a
Jordan Newman
Equipment Operator
301
Night Patrol
n/a
Scott Blackburn
Equipment Operator
54
Sidewalk Equip
Tweed
Urban
Centre
Outside
Contractors
N/A
Contractor
equipment
Tweed
Urban
Centre
1.1.4 Winter Materials Used Annually
Material
2004/2005
**5 Year Average
Solids
Rock Salt (NaCI)
1,400 tonnes
1,050 tonnes
Sand (sand/salt mix)*
23,800 tonnes
12,600 tonnes
Liquids
Salt Brine (NaCI)
n/a litres
n/a litres
Calcuim Chloride (CaCl2)
n/a litres
n/a litres
Magesium Chloride (MgCl2)
n/a litres
n/a litres
Proprietary Product 1
n/a litres
n/a litres
Proprietary Product 2
n/a litres
n/a litres
Pre-treated material***
Pre-treated sand
n/a tonnes
n/a tonnes
Pre-treated salt
n/a tonnes
n/a tonnes
* Percentage of salt in sand/salt mix by weight 2% (industry standard 2 to 5 %)
** If you do not have 5 years experience, then provide the average for your number of
years' experience.
*** Percentage pre -treat material use n/a litres/tonne or n/a kg/tonne
1.1.5 Application Rates
Solids
Spreading Rates per 2 lane km
Highway Class
Salt
Sand
Class 1
n/a
n/a
Class 2
n/a
Class 3
n/a
570/kg 4% mix
Class 4
n/a
570/kg Premix
Class 5
n/a
570/kg Premix
Class 6
n/a
570/kg Premix
Note: MTO Maintenance Manual MBP-703 suggests 130 to 170 kg salt for paved roads
and 570 kg sand per 2 lane kilometer.
Liquids — Pre-
wetting
Spreading Rates per 2 lane km
Temperature
0 to -5C
-5 to -10C
-10 to -18C
Frost
n/a
n/a
n/a
Light Snow
n/a
n/a
n/a
Heavy Snow
n/a
n/a
n/a
Freezing Rain
n/a
_ n/a
n/a
Note: MTO Maintenance Manual MBP-705 suggests a range of application rates in
litres/21ane km
Liquids — Direct Application
Application Rates litres per lane km
Frost and Black Ice Prevention
Light Traffic/Low Volume
n/a
Heavy Traffic/High Volume
n/a
Anti Icing — Preventing or Reducing Bond to Road Surface
Light Traffic/Low Volume
n/a
Heavy Traffic/High Volume
n/a
De-icing
Mild temp/ light precipitation
n/a
Colder temp/moderate precipitation
n/a
1.1.6 Equipment - Winter Maintenance Fleet
An inventory of municipal equipment and contract equipment used for winter
maintenance is found in Appendix 1
1.1.7 Yard Facilities
The municipality has 3 patrol yards from which it operates its winter maintenance. A list
of the facilities with storage and drainage used for winter maintenance is found in
Appendix 2.
1.1.8 Snow Removal and Disposal
Currently, municipal staff removes and hauls snow to 1 site (see accompanying table)
when the resultant accumulation of piled snow impedes traffic within the business
districts or residential areas of the Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed.
The accumulated snow from the urban centre is stored on a vacant lot owned by the
Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed and melts only on the municipal property and
does not impede onto private lands.
In the spring, litter and debris are collected for disposal from all snow disposal sites.
1.1.9 Weather Monitoring
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed supplements road patrol information to
determine an effective winter storm response and allocation of resources with,
observations from municipal staff, communication with staff of adjacent municipalities
and MTO contractors, and customized weather forecasts which are updated 4 times/day
from Environment Canada.
1.2.0 Communications
All winter maintenance vehicles are equipped with two way communications radios.
Patrol units are equipped with cell phones.
1.2.1 Training
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed currently provides some staff training for
winter maintenance personnel; however, there is no formal on -going annual winter
training program in place. Staff attends the local Road Supervisors Association meetings
to discuss such issues as new equipment, material trends in winter maintenance,
regulatory changes and common issues relating to winter storm management.
Prior to the winter season, staff meet to discuss the strategy for winter maintenance, to
go over the spreading/plow responsibilities and review the safety issues. In the spring
following the winter season, staff typically meet to discuss the successes and failures of
the past winter maintenance campaign and to provide input and suggestions for
improvement.
1.2.2 Record Keeping
The municipality retains records for the purchase of salt and sand for use in winter
maintenance. Currently, no formal records are kept for application rates, plow or
spreader routes or of storm events. The municipality uses a customized version of the
MTO "Winter Patrol Record" for record of winter patrolling. Appendix 3
Looking to the Future
The current winter maintenance policies and practices form the baseline or benchmark
upon which improvements can be made to manage the use of road salt more effectively
and in turn its impact on the environment.
2.1.0 Continuous Improvement Practices and Strategies
The Corporation of the Municipality of Tweed has prepared a multi year work plan to
improve the management of road salt and its winter maintenance policies, practices, and
procedures. Appendix 4
2.1.1 Level of Services Policy
Current level of service policy meets and exceeds Ontario Regulation 239/02, and sets
out the condition of the road surface at the end of the storm and the timeframe within
which the specified condition will be achieved. Policy will be revisited every two years for
revisions if necessary.
2.1.2 Equipment Upgrading
It is intended that the winter maintenance fleet (both municipally owned and contract
unit) be capable of delivering appropriate levels of de-icing materials within a full range
of climatic conditions.
• As the spreader fleet is due for replacement within the municipality's vehicle
replacement program, the new spreader units are to be equipped with pavement
infrared thermometers, pre -wetting equipment and electronic ground speed
controllers with capability for the addition of anti -icing and GPS for vehicle
location and data transfer, as well as infrared thermometers with all spreaders
upgraded by 2024.
• For spreaders that are less than 5 years old including Combination Units, which
are less than five (5) years old the new spreader units are to be equipped with
pavement infrared thermometers, pre -wetting equipment and electronic ground
speed controllers with capability for the addition of anti -icing and GPS for vehicle
location and data transfer, as well as infrared thermometers with all spreaders
upgraded by 2024.
• As the patrol truck(s) are replaced, include infrared thermometers for pavement
temperature monitoring in the specification with all patrol trucks so equipped in
2018.
2.1.3 Equipment Calibration
Properly calibrated equipment is one of the keys to the effective placement of de-icer
material on municipal roads.
• Stipulate applications rates for all materials used for winter maintenance.
• Prior to the 2023/2024 winter season and each year thereafter, all spreaders will
be calibrated and, during the winter season the equipment will be checked and
recalibrated once mid season and each time there has been work on the vehicle
hydraulics system.
• Prior to the 2023/2024 winter season and each year thereafter all routes will be
benchmarked for the theoretical amount of winter materials required.
• Comparisons for application rates will be developed during the winter season, for
each route and each vehicle, each operator and all will be compare across the
industry.
2.1.4 Equipment Washing
It is intended to reduce the amount of chlorides, oil, grease and grit that is discharged
back into the environment.
• Winter season of/water separators is installed at (all) patrol yard(s) in order that
all vehicle washing can be accomplished inside to minimize discharge directly to
the environment.
• During the winter season all vehicles are to be washed indoors.
2.1.5 Material Delivery and Handling
In the fall season, salt and sand is delivered and stockpiled on the loading pad. Within
24 hour winter sand is mixed with salt and all material conveyed to indoor storage.
• For those yards without a paved loading area, budget for and construct the
loading pad in the 2010 capital budget.
• Storage areas have paved loading pads.
• For winter season the sand salt is mixed to prevent the mixture from freezing at a
2% ratio.
• Ensure all deliveries of sand and salt are covered while in transport, on the
ground, and schedule deliveries in good weather.
• Ensure the loading pad is swept clean following the transfer of the material to
indoor storage.
• Ensure proper records are kept that include weigh ticket with truck number for
each delivery, weather conditions, covering of materials, timing of transfer of
material in doors, and cleaning of the loading pad following the material transfer.
• In the interim — salt storage consists of a paved storage facility.
2.1.6 Record of Material Usage
Good record keeping includes the retention of accurate records on the amount of
material used on each route by each vehicle and for each storm event.
• Implement a material tracking system, which records usage on each route, by
each truck for each storm event.
• Implement a record of patrols performed
• Implement a record of responses made to the winter storm events
2.1.7 Weather and Pavement Temperature Forecasting
All patrol vehicles will be fitted with pavement temperature sensors to assist with
determining the effectiveness of de-icers.
2.1.8 Storm Response
To assist patrol staff in decision making for winter maintenance, all actions and
measures taken by all resources in responding to the reported road conditions will be
documented.
2.1.9 Winter Patrol
Winter Patrol is used to monitor road conditions and to react quickly to changing
weather and road conditions. It is necessary to establish Council approved winter patrol
policy that is developed in conjunction with the annual level of service policy review.
• Patrol coverage 24/7
• Ensure patrollers are trained and under the supervision of the Public Works
Supervisor.
(")
2.2.0 Training
All staff involved in winter maintenance; operators, patrollers, and supervisors need
ongoing training, and need to share their skills and experience with the other municipal
staff. Training should be refreshed annually before the upcoming winter season
• Operators should be trained on the equipment that they are assigned to operate
and allowed sufficient time to reacquaint themselves with controls and how they
operate.
• Operators need training on the chemicals and the use of those chemicals for de-
icing and anti -icing; and when to use what chemical and when it is most effective.
• Managers and Supervisors should attend workshops, such as the Snow and Ice
Colloquium, to learn the latest information about new technologies and
techniques being used in other jurisdictions, and their experiences with various
products and materials.
• All workers need training in the health and safety requirements for use of
equipment and materials.
2.2.1 Technological Review
Review and keep abreast of changing technology for anti -icing, pre -wetting, equipment
and controls and automatic vehicle locators (le GPS). GPS and AVL is proposed for
future vehicles and placement in existing fleet.
2.2.2 Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Through partnership and co-operation with the area Conservation Authorities, the
environmentally sensitive areas may be identified for specific needs and/or monitoring.
2.2.3 Communication Strategy
Information to the public on the policies and practices of the operations in maintenance
programs during the winter months through various mediums such as press, handouts,
websites, etc. will be provided.
3.1.0 Monitoring and Updating
An annual review of the salt management plan by management and staff will occur at
the end of each winter season. As a result of this review the plan will be updated to
include any changes in department policy, strategies and new techniques or equipment
to be used in the upcoming winter season.
4.1.0 Performance Measures
Performance measures should be used to determine whether the objectives of the salt
management plan have been met. Achievement, year over year, will be measured
4'41
against the benchmark year described as "Current Winter Maintenance Program" in this
salt management plan.
Some of the indicators should include:
Monitoring the severity of the winter season:
• Total annual cm of snow accumulation
• Total number of days with measurable snowfall
• Total number of days with freezing rain
• Total number of continuous winter event responses
• Total number of spot winter event response
• Total number of winter event hours
Monitoring the salt used
• Tonnes of salt purchased annually
• % of applications where discharge rates exceeded
• % of total trucks loaded in the yard where a spill occurred
• Total tonnes of salt applied annually per system km
Ensuring customer satisfaction
• % of winter event responses that meet or exceed the level of service policy
• Total number of complaints received regarding winter operations
• % of complaints that resulted in a response
Measuring the success of the plan
% of the goals set out in the plan that were met
Appendix 1
Equipment - Winter Maintenance Fleet
Winter Maintenance Fleet — (Municipality of Tweed)
Patrol
Truck
Winter Equipment
New Technologies
Equipment
By Unit
Number
Winter
Pick Up
Tandem
Single
Axle
Tri
Axle
Plow
Wing
Comb-
ination
Unit
Spreader
Spinner
Single
Dual
Electronic
Controller
Calib-
ration
Pre-
wet
Equip
Anti-
icing
Equip
Anti-
icing
unit
capacity _
Infrared
Thermo-
meters
Loader
Grader
Sidewalk
Equip
Loader
Weigh
Bucket
Stoco Yard
20
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
60
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
2
Y
_
Y
70
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
10
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
4
Y
3
Y
Y
Y
S
301
Y
Y
302
Y
300
Y
35
Y
Actinolite Yard
1
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
40
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
31
Y
Marlbank Yard
51
-
Y
Quanset Tweed
54
Y
Countryman Yard (All Contracted Units)
313
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
315
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
314
Y
Y
Y
S
Y
Y
Blower
Tractor
For each patrol yard, list all the equipment including hired or contracted units by unit number and indicate 'Y' for YES in the appropriate box for
the equipment making up that unit. If not applicable, then leave box blank.
Spinner: S = single, D = Double spinner. Anti -icing Unit Capacity: Indicate in litres.
Appendix 2
Yard Facilities
Winter Maintenance Facilities — (Municipality of Tweed)
Site Drainage
Material Storage
Location
Washing
On -site
Washing
Inside
Oil/Grit
Separator
Discharge
Drainage
Sand
Salt
Liquids
Structure
Type
Structure
Floor
Paved
Salt
Sand
Loading
Door
Over-
hang
Lighting
Mechanical
Ventilation
Paved
Loading
Area
Liquid
Contain -
ment
Stoco Yard
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Coverall &
Dome
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Actinolite
Yard
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Shed/Barn
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Marthank
Yard
Y
Dome
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Countryman
Yard
Y
Dome
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Quanset
Hut
Y
Snow Removal and Disposal
Snow Disposal Sites -(Municipality of Tweed)
Location
Surface
Drainage/Run Off
Surroundin
Land Use
Paved
Unpaved
Controlled
Uncontrolled
West
East
North
South
Countryman Yard
Y
Y
EXTRACTIVE/
FARM
VACANT
ROAD
EXTRACTIVE/
FARM
Ulty4101
fik
CITY'
Appendix 3
ROAD PATROL INFORMATION
,7ATE
I
DAY MONTH YEAR
I I
TIME PATROLUNG BEGAN
COMPLETED
ROUTE TAKEN
CONDITIONS NOTED
ACTION TAKEN
, AT WHAT TIME?
•
.
WEATHER AND ROAD INFORMATION
TIME CHECKED TEMPERATURE °C WIND
TIME CHECKED TEMPERATURE 'C WIND
WEATHER CONDITIONS
ROAD CONDITIONS
WEATHER CONDITIONS
ROAD CONDITIONS
ACCIDENT INFORMATION
LOCATION
DETAILS (Diagram. Page._ - Additional)
DID OP.P. INVESTIGATE? YES 0 NO ❑ NAME OF INVESTIGATING OFFICER
DID YOU FILE AN ACCIDENT REPORT? YES 0 NO ❑ DATE FILED
OTHER (Visitors. Complaints. Hired Equipment, Contract Operations)
SIGNATURE
SIGN YOUR NAME
Appendix 4
Continuous Improvement Practices and Strategies
Salt Management Plan- (Municipal
ty of Tweed)
Continuous Improvement Options
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
Level Of Service Policy
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
GPS and Infrared Thermometers on all Spreader Fleet
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Infrared Thermometers on all Patrol Trucks
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Calibrate Existing Equipment
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Oil/Water Separators Installed at all Patrol Yards
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Pave all Salt/Sand Loading Pad Areas
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Material Usage
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Document all Winter Maintenance, Actions and Measures Taken
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Winter Patrol Training
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Winter Maintenance Training
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Monitor Technological Advancements
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Identify with Quinte Conservation Authority Environmentally Sensitive Areas Requiring
Specific Needs and/or Monitoring
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Maintain and Manage Communication Strategy for Winter Maintenance Operations
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Appendix 5
Definitions
Anti -icing.. means the application of liquid de-icers directly to the road surface in
advance of a winter event.
De-icing.. means the application of solids, liquids, pre-treated material to the road
surface after the on -set of the winter event.
Paved Road.. is a road with an asphalt surface, concrete surface, composite pavement,
or Portland cement.
Pre -treat.. means the application of liquids (calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc) to
the sand pile or salt pile as the sand or salt is loaded into the storage facility.
Pre -wetting.. means the application of liquids (calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc) at
the spinner of the truck just prior to application to the road surface.
Surface Treated Road.. is road with bituminous surface treatment comprised of one or
two applications of asphalt emulsion and stone chips over a gravel road.
Unpaved Roads.. is a road with a gravel, stone or other loose traveling surface.
Winter Event.. is a weather condition affecting roads such as snowfall, wind blown
snow, sleet, freezing rain, frost, black ice, etc to which a winter event response is
required.
Winter Event Response .. is a series of winter control activities performed in response
to a winter event.
➢ Continuous Winter Event Response.. is a response to a winter event with full
deployment of manpower and equipment that plow/salt/sand the entire system.
➢ Spot Winter Event Response.. is a response to a winter event with only a part
deployment of manpower and equipment or with full deployment to only part of
the system.
Winter Event Response Hours .. are the total number of person -hours per year
(plowing, salting/sanding, winging back, etc.) to respond to winter events.