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HomeMy Public PortalAbout2017-03-16_Council_Public_Agenda Package Page 1 of 2 MUNICIPAL COUNCIL AGENDA Thursday, March 16, 2017 at 8:45 a.m. Chester Municipal Council Chambers 151 King Street, Chester, NS 1. MEETING CALLED TO ORDER. 2. APPROVAL OF AGENDA/ORDER OF BUSINESS. 3. PUBLIC INPUT SESSION (8:45 A.M. – 9:00 A.M.) 4. MINUTES OF PREVIOUS MEETING: 4.1 Council – February 23, 2017 4.2 Council – March 2, 2017 4.3 Public Hearing – February 23, 2017 – Architectural Controls 4.4 Public Hearing – February 23, 2017 – Shipping Containers 5. COMMITTEE REPORTS: 5.1. Citizens Planning Advisory Committee – January 30, 2017 (no motions for approval) 5.2 Nominating Committee – February 23, 2017 – Councillor Barkhouse (two motions for approval) 5.3 Any other Committees. 6. MATTERS ARISING: 6.1 Second and Final Reading – Dog By-Law #140 – For consideration of an Amendment to the Dog By-Law #140 (appointment at 9:00 a.m.) 6.2 Land Titles Classification Act. – Discussion (deferred from January 26, 2017 Council Meeting). 6.4 Economic Development Projects – Discussion or set date for strategy session. 6.3 Letter from Chester Village Commission dated March 2, 2017 regarding response to Fire Advisory Committee Recommendation – replacement of apparatus 551-1997 Tanker. Page 2 of 2 7. CORRESPONDENCE: 7.1 Letter from Valda Walsh, Region 6 Solid Waste-Resource Management dated February 6, 2017 regarding approval of the 2017-18 Region 6 Inter-Municipal Committee Budget from April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018 (appointment at 9:15 a.m.) 7.2 Letter from JD Lacey dated February 9, 2017 regarding Land Titles Clarification (subject previously deferred from January 26, 2017 Council Meeting) – see item 6.2. 7.3 Letter of response from NS Department of Environment dated February 23, 2017 regarding Ten Beaches Development in Simms Settlement, Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia. 7.4 Letter from William Rhyno, Owner of Rhyno’s Auto Sales dated February 22, 2017 regarding request for shipping container at 4053 Highway 3, Chester, NS. 8. NEW BUSINESS: 8.1 Request for Decision prepared by Senior Planner dated March 7, 2017 regarding Fox Point Lake Water Quality. 8.2 Request for Decision prepared by Pam Myra, Municipal Clerk dated February 15, 2017 regarding Cost of Living Increase (Consumer Price Index). ARRANGED APPOINTMENTS 9:15 a.m. Valda Walsh, Region 6 Solid Waste-Resource Management regarding brief orientation and review of Budget. 9.3 Contract Negotiations - Wind Energy Project - Presentation by John Woods 10. ADJOURNMENT. 8.3 FCM Annual Conference and Trade Show - June 1-5, 2017 9. IN CAMERA: 9.1 Legal Advice – Land Titles Clarification Act. 9.2 Legal Advice – Land Negotiations (Marriotts Cove) MOTIONS FOR COUNCIL’S CONSIDERATION FROMTHURSDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2017NOMINATINGCOMMITTEE 2017-110 APPROVAL OF PREVIOUS MINUTES MOVED by Deputy Warden Shatford, SECONDED by Warden Webber the minutes of the November 17, 2016 Nominating Committee meeting be approved as circulated. CARRIED. 2017-111 RECOMMENDATION TO APPOINT BRAD ARMSTRONG TO VAAC MOVED by Warden Webber, SECONDED by Deputy Warden Shatford that the Nominating Committee recommend to Council to appoint Brad Armstrong to the Village Area Advisory Committee (2-Year Term). CARRIED. 2017-113 RECOMMENDATION TO APPOINT BRAD ARMSTRONG (DISTRICT 3) TO RECREATION & PARKS COMMITTEE MOVED by Warden Webber, SECONDED by Deputy Warden Shatford that the Nominating Committee recommend to Council to appoint Brad Armstrong (District 3)to the Chester Municipal Recreation & Parks Committee (3-Year Term). CARRIED. 2017-114 ADJOURNMENT MOVED by Warden Webber, SECONDED by Deputy Warden Shatford the meeting adjourn. CARRIED. (12:20 p.m.) JFAC REPORT Oct.2016 Chester Joint Fire Advisory Committee Report October 2016 The Chester JFAC has met 5 times since being formed.These meetings focused on gaining an understanding of our role, gaining knowledge regarding the structure and provision of fire services in the area of our responsibility and learning more about the roles of the various equipment owned by the Village of Chester and used by the Chester Volunteer Fire Department.The members also gained insight into what a Superior Shuttle Service rating is, how it is obtained and what it means to residents and businesses served by the CVFD. Committee discussions also focused on: The appearance of significant friction between the various parties to the Fire Services agreements, Whether or not short, medium and long term planning exists with regard to ongoing requirements for replacement and new acquisition of equipment, Amount of resident knowledge, support and pride regarding the CVFD, Amount of public appreciation of CVFD members and their services, Requirement, location, format and frequency of public consultation meetings, How are other villages and fire departments structured and how do they work, What strategies are in place to ensure funding for building and equipment replacement, repair and upgrades are in place. These will be researched and discussed in more detail before recommendations are made. One specific issue the JFAC has spent a considerable amount of time researching and discussing is the that of a replacement for truck #551,a CVFD Tanker Pumper,which was directed to the committee by the village commission and brought up by committee members. From examination of a recent mechanical report (attached)as well as Insurance Underwriter recommendations and guidelines reviewed it is clear to the committee that this truck should be replaced as soon as possible.It is in poor mechanical condition, has broken down on recent fire calls and is an important apparatus in the fire fighting structure of the area. What was not appreciated by committee members,based on our limited knowledge,is the role of this piece of equipment and whether or not it is needed in the provision of fire protection and fire fighting services in Chester and the outlying areas. The JFAC undertook to obtain information in this regard, looked at CVFD Operating Procedures (attached), discussed with the Fire Chief and listened to explanations from committee representatives of the CVFD and considered the information available on line regarding insurance industry guidelines. JFAC REPORT Oct.2016 Considerations: The CVFD fleet currently consists of: Truck 511-Utility Truck 521 -Heavy Rescue Truck 531 -Pumper -First out -800 gallon capacity/ 1500gpm pump Truck 541 -Supply pumper/tanker, mutual aid –1500 gallon capacity/ 1500gpm pump Truck 551 –tanker/pumper –2000 gallon capacity/ 1050gpm pump Rescue boat. Lake boat As with many emergency situations, shorter responses and action times save money,and lives as well as reduce losses. Each of the fleet vehicles play a pivotal role on emergency calls depending on the nature of the call and is considered essential in the provision of fire fighting and emergency services. Appendix A (Operating Procedures)attached outlines the various types of emergency calls received and response strategy.It is worth noting that truck # 551 responded, per the protocol, to 80%(104)of the 130 CVFD calls in the last year. Fire fighting requires water.Tankers are essential in providing this much needed resource. Every fire will have a pumper at a scene acting as an attack pumper, supplying water at sufficient pressure to the hoses being used on the fire.Suppression efforts begin based on the volume of water this main attack truck carries and what water a tanker can deliver. This initial delivery allows for one of two longer-term water strategies to be developed: Where a stable water source exists in proximity to the scene, supply lines, using large diameter hose,can be established. Where no stable water supply exists, the initial delivery gives time for the first tanker to refill and for mutual aid tankers to arrive at scene and the Superior Water Shuttle to be established, which brings water to the scene.In either of those cases, it is wise to allow 15 to 20 minutes for those strategies to be implemented, perhaps longer depending on driving conditions and ease of accessing stable water sources, hence the value of the initial volume of water from both the attack pumper and the tanker.Even when water is supplied to the attack pumper, through large volume lines, from a stable water source, a tanker may still be required. Because of its pump capacity, a tanker could be “put in the line” to assist with pushing water from the water source to the attack pumper when the distance and topography between the two challenge the pressure the pumper at the water source can maintain in delivering water to the scene. Mutual Aid Depending on the fire size and location, there may also be a need to call on a neighbouring department, or to assist in the provision of “Mutual Aid”. The tanker trucks are a must in these instances. In the case of requesting Mutual Aid,they provide water immediately while waiting for the help to arrive and then form a key part of the “Shuttle Service” providing the water JFAC REPORT Oct.2016 required to keep the porta-tanks filled, which are movable, open, rubber bladders held by a metal frame,and trucks supplied. The committee questioned why it was not possible just to call on another department when there was a fire. Two answers are that: 1) it is conceivable that the other department might not be available as they are on another call (especially during brush/grass fire season), and 2) it takes longer (15 to 20 minutes)for another department to get to the CVFD district than it does the CVFD. The CVFD tankers can arrive quicker and start firefighting with on board water before the aid arrives. Superior Water Shuttle In the case of the “Superior Shuttle Service Rating”, the highest rating a non staffed fire department can achieve, the department has had to show it can respond to a fire and provide a minimum continuous supply of water of 2200 gallons per minute for 120 minutes (residential) and 400 gallons per minute for 60 minutes (commercial) for 120 minutes (residential and 400 gallons per minutefor 60 minutes (commercial)from when they arrive on site..This requires coordination with other departments (Mutual Aid), timing and cooperation. Existing equipment working properly could not achieve this alone, nor could the equipment of nearby Chester Basin and other departments. It requires two or more departments working together to be able to maintain this rating. Many residents and businesses of Chester and area enjoy a premium reduction on their home and business insurance policies because the departments have been able to maintain this rating.The high volume tanker pumpers are a must to continue maintaining this rating. Not all fires are large (e.g. car fires, trash fires, small grass fires, etc.). In these instances, the water carried by the tankers may well be sufficient to deal with the problem without the need to run long lines to a water source and involve other pieces of equipment. Having the larger volume such as that carried by truck 551 ensures this need is met.Also on smaller fires, it is easier to refill the volume of water in the pumpers (531,541) from 551 and filling the tanker off a water source, than trying to fill the pumpers at a water source. Largely, this ease is based on 551 having a portable pump on the truck, which the two pumpers do not have because space on those trucks is taken up by tools required at fire and emergency scenes. Conclusion and Recommendation: From this it is the recommendation of the JFAC: 1)That, if not already done, the CVFD submit a request for replacement of Truck #551 with a new Tanker/Pumper with at least the same tanker and pumper capacities as Truck #551,to the Village of Chester and 2)that the VOC, and the MODC if required,support this request; and 3)that, working together specifications for a tender be developed without delay. JFAC REPORT Oct.2016 This should be accomplished and a tender called so that the order for a new truck can be placed, and a purchase order for the replacement be concluded not later than the April of 2017. This time frame is important as it can take up to a year to have a truck built and delivered once the order is placed; and 4)that sufficient repairs necessary to ensure truck #551 remains operational until a new truck can be acquired be undertaken immediately. Respectfully submitted Robert Manuel Chair, Joint Fire Advisory Committee Attachments: 1.Mechanical report on truck 551 2.CVFD Operating Procedures 3.Superior Tanker Shuttle Service information 4.SWS testing information 5.Insurance grading information JFAC REPORT Oct.2016 REQUEST FOR DECISION Prepared By:Tara Maguire Date February 28, 2017 Reviewed By:Date Authorized By:Tammy Wilson Date March 10, 2017 CURRENT SITUATION In December 2016, the Senior Economic Development Officer position was vacated after Marianne Gates accepted a position in Wolfville. In January, staff brought forward a report to Council to review the SEDO workplan and projects to ensure they aligned with Council’s priorities. RECOMMENDATION For discussion and direction.Given the depth of the discussion required, Council may wish to refer this item to a Strategy Session, which would be scheduled specifically to discuss this matter. BACKGROUND During Council’s Strategic Planning Session in January, Council acknowledged there was a need to review the position in greater detail to ensure it aligns with Council’s goals for Economic Development. Council directed staff to prepare a summary of the projects in the Economic Development Strategy, along with the other projects that the SEDO was responsible for. This report provides a summary of the projects identified in the Economic Development Strategy as well as the projects that the SEDO was working on in their day to day duties. This review of the will be used to update the job description for the EDO before the vacancy is advertised. In April/ May, staff will provide a more detailed review of the Economic Development Strategy to provide an opportunity for Council to review and update the projects. The revised strategy will then be used by a new EDO in the creation of a implementation plan. DISCUSSION The following table summarizes the Economic Development Projects listed in the Economic Development Strategy,as well as projects that have been worked or added to the program since. Those projects highlighted in a salmon color have a Business Development focus and the aqua colour are those with the Tourism focus. Economic Development Strategy Projects Implement and update the 2013 Economic Strategy in conjunction with the MODC Council Strategic Plan REPORT TO:Municipal Council SUBMITTED BY:Community Development Department DATE:February 20, 2017 SUBJECT:Economic Development Priorities ORIGIN:Strategic Planning Session 2017 2 Request For Decision/Direction Prepare annual economic development report card Completed Establish a set of investment readiness minimum standards (With REN partners) Lead regional tourism marketing and product development efforts Create and maintain online and hardcopy industrial and employment land/building inventory Being the main liaison with Nova Scotia Business Inc.Work with the Nova Scotia Business Inc. to get a sense of the investment inquires they receive and their investment requirements. Prepare a business case examining opportunities to provide additional buildings and serviced employment lands –privately or publically owned –for investment attraction purposes. Business Industrial Park Feasibility Study –Completed Work with CDD on review of the Municipality of the District of Chester Municipal Planning Strategy and accompanying Land Use Bylaw. Strategic location (comm. and ind. zone) Limit industrial and commercial uses in GB Zone Update home-based business provisions and by-laws Update statistics and data for the MODC focusing on current year data/estimates and MODC labour statistics. MODC Value Proposition report and package Community Profile Target Sector Analysis Needs Gap Competitive Analysis Investment Inquiry protocol and template Develop and implement a marketing and communication strategy ED website for MODC Marketing materials (Community Profile and Quick Facts) Social media campaign Feature sheets to target emerging industrial sectors. Residential attraction as a target audience Work with administration and other departments to ensure municipal infrastructure is strategically located to take advantage of new economic development/investment opportunities (ie. water, sewer, roads, etc.). Plan Review Kaizer Meadow rebranding Focus unique attributes such as high-tech landfill, recycling facilities, and onsite water treatment. Continue creating a marketing program for Kaizer Meadow Establish an MODC point of contact for all business inquires.Guidance through MODC approvals processes Help resolve any issues that may arise 3 Request For Decision/Direction Determine better ways to serve MODC businesses and industries Provide investment readiness training for all MODC staff and political leaders.  Develop and update an MODC business directory.Was being done by Chamber, now SEDO does the updates but probably won’t get any updates unless we promote Any promotion of the directory will require resources to update the directory on the website Summer student in 2016 updated it to the best of her ability but still requires constant updating to remain current Need to update a database as well as the online map Business visitation program & business retention and expansion program Implement recommendations arising from BRE MODC business awards and recognition program Completed in 2016; planned for 2017 Work with CDD to implement the use of Smart Growth principles in all new policies, projects and developments as part of an effort to attract both residents, professionals, a strong work force, employers and tourists/visitors. Plan Revew Continue to work closely with partners to develop the mandate of the REN2 SEDO attends monthly meetings with regional EDOs and REN CEO Three Year Economic Development Strategy will demand more support from MODC Economic Development Officer Regional Tourism (with REN)Funding support Support for specific tourism-related projects, e.g. signage ‘Hard’ product development, such as infrastructure (e.g. trails, beautification). Agreements with service providers by establishing clear framework for roles, responsibilities and expectations with providers of tourism support Create a sustainable framework to continue ‘soft’ product and experience development, partnership building and marketing. Participating REN Regional Tourism Strategy 4 Request For Decision/Direction Assist potential investors and developers with specific tourism projects and encourage tourism investment within the MODC – Arts, Culture and Heritage asset inventory and map.Use as a basis for a Cultural- Heritage strategic plan. Align with objectives of the Tourism Strategic Plan. Other Projects Rural Internet Ongoing VIC –long term strategy Ongoing VIC –short term –operational strategy Ongong Why Here website REN took this over Business Park Needs further discussion and direction from Council before proceeding If this proceeds it would require significant amount of project management and input from SEDO Work with Business/Development Groups Chamber of Commerce –SEDO is main contact and liaison with CoC Chester Merchants -attend monthly meetings HABA -attend meetings at least twice a year New Ross Development Society - go to give report annually -went in fall Annual update of Economic Initiatives to Business Group (Captains House) Grant Writing Workshop –Capacity Building Was on 2016-17 ED workplan –Not Completed Provide a workshop for local businesses and contractors on grant writing Could expand to other capacity building projects for business community Tourism Advertising Coordinate all MODC advertising Doers and dreamers, south shore guide, annual buy local flyer, advertising on ferry, saltscapes magazine, provincial website VIC website 5 Request For Decision/Direction Photography and promotional projects Need to have a photographer take photos of some businesses & industry for marketing material RFP for professional photography – manage contract, coordinate photo shoots Some photos shot in 2016 Opportunities such as provincial tourism videos Tourism Map South shore needs a new map, SEDO was exploring possibilities for a new map South Shore Tourism group Key point of contact for group Regular meetings –at least once a month Industry led but municipal staff are providing most of the organizational support (i.e. financial and project management) Chester Visitor Map Visitor map done by the chamber each year Previously supported by selling advertising space/listings to members but also listed other services. Staff was looking at possibility of producing this ourselves In addition to meeting time, also requires time to undertake projects Saltscapes Represent region with other organizations Plan and Coordinate display booth, and attend expo Agriculture project Work with MODC on Agriculture Day Climate Data website –needs updating Specific marketing campaigns (i.e. grape growers) to make use of data GIS Map New project -GIS land mapping project Initiated and managed by MODL EDO Working with department of agriculture Map out assets for agriculture (fields and what crops they have) 6 Request For Decision/Direction Would be helpful to know how much agriculture is being done in our area From a review of the above table, it is evident that the Economic Development Strategy had a Business Development focus. The position, however has taken on more tourism activities because of community demand and lack of one regional organization to oversee tourism. This demand has been exacerbated by the withdrawal of the Chester and Area Chamber of Commerce from the operation of the VIC, resulting in further demand being placed on MODC. The REN is expected to deliver its Regional Tourism Strategy in the spring of 2017. This will provide Council with a better picture of what role the REN will play in the delivery of tourism services. SSREN Support It is worth noting the SSREN has delivered its Three Year Regional Economic Development Strategy.The success of this Strategy relies on support from the partner municipal units in terms of human resources. Projects that MODC will be expected to participate in through such an Economic Development Officer Position are: BREE Assist on working groups established for 1) Talent; 2) Competitiveness; 3) Environment and 4) Leadership. Attached is the Action Plan from the Regional Economic Development Strategy. IMPLICATIONS The SEDO position has a direct impact on the ability to achieve one of the key goals identified in Council’s strategic plan –to promote conditions conducive to fostering economic prosperity. Council has identified Economic Development as a key focus in their 2017-18 workplan. OPTIONS 1.Direct staff to use existing job description. 2.Direct staff to revise job description to reflect the some or all of the projects and priorities listed above (i.e.more emphasis on business development, less or tourism or vice versa). If there is a desire to reduce or remove the emphasis of tourism from the position description, Council may wish to defer until the REN Regional Tourism Strategy is completed. This will provide Council with an understanding as to what role Council can expect the REN to play. 3.Eliminate the position, and look at diverting funds to the REN for additional Economic Development/Tourism support. 4.Eliminate the position and not provide an Economic Development or Tourism service outside of what is being provided by the REN. ATTACHMENTS 1.SEDO job description 7 Request For Decision/Direction COMMUNICATIONS (INTERNAL/EXTERNAL) If Council decides to advertise the position, the posting will in conformance with the requirements of the Personnel Policy. PO Box 639 / 45 School St , Suite 304 Mahone Bay, NS B0J 2E0 Region 6 Solid Waste-Resource Management Phone: 902-624-1339 Fax: 902-624-1313 E-mail: Valda.Walsh@Region6SWM.ca Tammy Wilson Municipality of the District of Chester 151 King St PO Box 369 Chester, NS B0J 1J0 February 6, 2017 RE: Budget Approval 2017-18 Dear Ms. Wilson, On Friday, January 27, 2017, the Region 6 Inter-Municipal Committee met regarding the budget for the upcoming fiscal April 1, 2017 – March 31, 2018. The following motion was passed: MOTION: to recommend approval of the 2017-18 Region 6 Inter-Municipal Committee Budget in the amount of $689,290 to member councils as presented. M/C Pursuant to FINANCES of the Region 6 Inter-Municipal Agreement; items 34 – 39 “34. The proposed Committee budget shall be submitted to the Councils of each of the Parties prior to 4:30 p.m. on December 31st of each year. 35. The Councils of each of the Parties shall approve said budget, or refuse to do so, by 4:30 p.m. on March 14th of the year to which said budget applies. 36. Should the Council of any of the Parties fail to approve or refuse to approve the proposed Committee budget by the stated deadline then the said budget is deemed to have been approved by that Council. 37. The proposed Committee budget shall be binding on all of the Parties if approved by the Councils of 75% or more of the Parties, so long as the Parties whose Councils have approved represent a minimum of 50% of the total population represented by the Parties to this agreement – said figures to be taken from the most recent available Census of Canada statistics. 38. In the event that motions of refusal to approve result in a proposed Committee budget not receiving approval of the necessary majority of Councils, the Committee shall revise the proposed budget taking into account any comments that may have been provided and submit a revised budget to the Councils of the Parties. 39. Should the Council of any of the Parties fail to approve or refuse to approve a revised proposed Committee budget within 45 days after receipt of same then the said budget is deemed to have been approved by that Council.” Respecting the enclosed budget, please review with your council and respond to Region 6 before 4:30 pm, March 14, 2017 on your approval or refusal. Should you have any questions on either document please feel free to contact myself at 902-624-1339 or Chair, Andre Veinotte 902-277-1409. If you require my attendance at the council meeting when the budget is up for discussion, feel free to contact me by phone or email. Regards, Valda Walsh BSc TME EP Regional Coordinator encl. INCOME 2016‐17 Projection 2016‐17 Budget 2017‐18 Estimates Divert NS Education Contract 64,393 64,307 64,307 Coordinator Agreement 42,028 40,804 42,028 Advertising Assistance 0 3,000 0 Enforcement Contract 1 100,000 100,000 89,560 Sub‐total 206,421$                  208,111$                           195,895$                        Other Dairy 129,871 90,000 90,000 Diversion 230,873 230,873 227,460 Municipal Approved Programs 83,230 83,461 81,647 Services 3,450 3,450 3,450 Interest 0 0 Sub‐total 447,424$                  407,784$                           402,557$                        Municipal Contribution Municipal Billing 88,484 88,484 90,838 Inter‐Municipal Program (transfer )1,100 1,100 0 Sub‐total $89,584 $89,584 $90,838 TOTAL 743,429$             705,479$                    689,290$                  Region 6 Solid Waste Management Page 1 Region 6 SWM Budget Region 6 Solid Waste Management EXPENSES 2016‐17 Projection 2016‐17 Budget 2017‐18 Estimates OPERATING EXPENSE Coordinator Salary 59,670 60,202 61,406 Coordinator Benefits 11,397 11,150 11,906 Educator Salary 46,238 46,656 47,589 Educator Benefits 7,861 7,995 8,110 Travel (Coordinator) 2 6,000 7,250 6,500 Travel (Educator) 2 9,500 10,000 9,500 Training and conference 1,500 2,040 2,040 Office Rental 12,522 12,522 12,522 Cleaning 780 780 780 Cell phones 2,600 2,500 2,600 Phone/fax 1,500 1,100 1,500 postage/copier/copies 3 2,400 1,500 2,400 Computer/materials 1,520 1,520 1,520 Insurance 2,665 2,380 2,700 Administration 10,350 10,350 10,350 Legal 4 500 0 2,000 Auditor 5 10,275 7,100 8,500 Contingency 0 2,500 2,500 Sub‐total 187,279$                  187,545$                           194,423$                        EDUCATION Signs/web/advertising 1,200 1,200 1,200 Nova Scotia Recycles Contest 6 3,200 3,500 0 Environment Week 6 0 2,700 1,000 Compost Awareness Week 6 700 1,500 1,500 Waste Reduction Week 6 300 1,500 500 Public bins maintenance 7 400 1,600 1,000 Program materials 7 400 500 1,000 Inter‐Municipal program expenses 7 2,550 1,100 0 Sub‐total 8,750$                       13,600$                             6,200$                             PAYMENTS TO UNITS Enforcement Contract 1 100,000 100,000 89,560 Dairy Agreement 129,871 90,000 90,000 Diversion 150,305 230,873 227,460 Municipal Approved 83,230 83,461 81,647 Sub‐total 463,406$                  504,334$                           488,667$                        TOTAL 659,435$             705,479$                    689,290$                  Revenue/Expenditure 83,994$                     ‐$                                   ‐$                                 Revenue over Expenditure 80,568 is the audited deficit from 2015‐16 that was taken off the Diversion Cheque and 3,426 is  the projected savings from 2016‐17 Municipal Billing which will be attributed to the 2017‐18 estimate following the audit  of March 31, 2017 Page 2 Region 6 SWM Budget Region 6 Solid Waste Management NOTES: 1. Divert NS changed the way they calculate the program fund. Instead of 100,000 per region a revised formula  is impacted by population and land area. 2. Travel has been adjusted down to reflect the lower 'Actual' costs over the past couple of years. 3. Actual costs to print colour copies for reports has increased. Cost increase reflects the 'Actual' cost last year. 4. Our lawyer retired and the cost reflects hiring a new lawyer and getting started on revising our Inter‐ Municipal Agreement 5. Estimate amount at $8,500 was suggested by our outgoing auditor. 6. Divert NS program reduction; cancelled NS Recycles Contest, Advertising for spring and fall campaigns. Cost  reduction does not reduce regional or municipal programs. 7. Public bins maintenance and Inter‐Municipal Programs are winding down after the last 2 years’ campaign.  More focus will now be placed on bins for inside use at community halls and not‐for‐profits. Page 3 Region 6 SWM Budget Budget 2017-18 What I am seeking today is a motion to approve the budget at $689,290 Valda Walsh Regional Coordinator 902-624-1339 902-350-0333 Valda.Walsh@Region6SWM.ca Municipal Approved Program Funds Distributed based on population and eligible only towards program costs that keep waste from going to landfill. This money is not permitted to be used to offset any costs associated with the disposal of waste. HOW IS IT CALCULATED An amount is advanced to Region 6 following the AGM for Divert Nova Scotia but is retained until the final contribution is made in February/March. WHEN AND HOW OFTEN Divert NS Solid Waste-Resource Regulations Section 8(1) (b) 2 Diversion Credits Based on the solid waste diverted by the member municipal units. Some areas share services; in these cases the total is paid to the service area; ie. Municipal Joint Services, Shelburne Shared Services HOW IS IT CALCULATED An advance of approximately 75% of the fund is issued in the 2nd quarter and the remaining 25% is issued in the 4th quarter WHEN AND HOW OFTEN Divert NS Solid Waste-Resource Regulations Section 8(1) (a) 3 Dairy Based on the total tonnes of fluid milk containers sent to market each year. Fluid milk –yogurt, ice cream, butter and other similar containers are not part of the program. Likewise, soy, almond and milk replacement products are also not part of the program. HOW IS IT CALCULATED The amount is negotiated each June (based on previous year data) and a cheque issued in August or early September WHEN AND HOW OFTEN Atlantic Dairy Council A voluntary stewardship agreement (2001) that is renegotiated annually between the Atlantic Dairy Council and the Municipalities (Chairman of Regional Chairs) 4 Enforcement Fund A set amount is allotted for each area based on population. Each unit then must demonstrate meeting a set of eligibility requirements to release the funds. Deliverables of how many complaints were followed up on and warnings or tickets issued as well as proof of expenditures for staff and equipment to complete the contract deliverables. HOW IS IT CALCULATED A report must be submitted mid-year on progress of the program and a final report at year end after which funds are released to area participants based on eligible expenses WHEN AND HOW OFTEN This program began in 2009 in response to the increasing demand for support to help fund our outreach as more enforcement was required to supplement the education programs. Several employees are partially paid using this fund Divert NS 5 Inter-Municipal Fund On an as needed basis and only on motion of the Inter-Municipal Committee. Past uses: Public Bins Program, Compost transport and Processing study, 10th Anniversary of the Lunenburg Material Recovery Facility WHEN AND HOW OFTEN This account was generated on the inception of Region 6 with $100,000 grant from the province. That money was used to pay for a study and support the formation of the region. Since that time a few more grants had been earned (based on surplus at the RRFB at the time) and added to the account. This is a reserve fund and can only be accessed based on motion of the Inter-Municipal Committee. 6 REVENUE 2016-17 Projection 2016-17 Budget 2017-18 Estimates Divert NS Education Contract 64,393 64,307 64,307 Coordinator Agreement 42,028 40,804 42,028 Advertising Assistance 0 3,000 0 Enforcement Contract 100,000 100,000 89,560 Sub-total $ 206,421 $ 208,111 $ 195,895 Other Dairy 129,871 90,000 90,000 Diversion 230,873 230,873 227,460 Municipal Approved Programs 83,230 83,461 81,647 Services 3,450 3,450 3,450 Interest 0 0 Sub-total $ 447,424 $ 407,784 $ 402,557 Municipal Contribution Municipal Billing 88,484 88,484 90,838 Inter-Municipal Program (transfer)1,100 1,100 0 Sub-total $89,584 $89,584 $90,838 TOTAL $ 743,429 $ 705,479 $ 689,290 7 29% 58% 13% REVENUE Divert NS (contract/agreement) Other (stewardship, services, rewards) Municipal Contribution 8 EXPENSES 2016-17 Projection 2016-17 Budget 2017-18 Estimates OPERATING Admin Salaries and Benefits 71,067 71,352 73,312 Administration (host)10,350 10,350 10,350 Travel 6,000 7,250 6,500 Training and conference 1,500 2,040 2,040 Office Rental 13,302 13,302 13,302 Phones/fax/copier/computer 8,020 6,620 8,020 Insurance 2,665 2,380 2,700 Legal 500 0 2,000 Auditor 10,275 7,100 8,500 Contingency 0 2,500 2,500 Sub-total $ 123,679 $ 122,894 $ 129,224 EDUCATION Education salaries and benefits 54,099 54,651 55,699 Education travel 9,500 10,000 9,500 Signs/web/advertising 1,200 1,200 1,200 Special events 4,200 9,200 3,000 Public bins maintenance 400 1,600 1,000 Program materials 400 500 1,000 Inter-Municipal program expenses 2,550 1,100 0 Sub-total $ 72,349 $ 78,251 $ 71,399 SUB-TOTAL $ 196,028 $ 201,145 $ 200,6239 EXPENSES (cont’d)2016-17 Projection 2016-17 Budget 2017-18 Estimates PAYMENTS TO UNITS Enforcement Contract 100,000 100,000 89,560 Dairy Agreement 129,871 90,000 90,000 Diversion Credits 150,305 230,873 227,460 Municipal Approved Program 83,230 83,461 81,647 Sub-total $ 463,406 $ 504,334 $ 488,667 TOTAL $ 659,435 $ 705,479 $ 689,290 10 19% 10% 71% EXPENSES Operations Education Payments to units 11 Municipal Billing 2017-18 Statistics Canada %Budget Estimate 2011 of 2016-17 2017-18 Population Region 6 $ 88,484 $ 90,838 Clark's Harbour 820 0.90%799.80 821.08 Barrington 6,994 7.71%6,821.69 7,003.17 Shelburne (T)1,686 1.86%1,644.46 1,688.21 Shelburne (MD)4,408 4.86%4,299.40 4,413.78 Lockeport 588 0.65%573.51 588.77 Region of Queens 10,960 12.08%10,689.98 10,974.38 Bridgewater 8,241 9.08%8,037.97 8,251.81 Mahone Bay 943 1.04%919.77 944.24 Lunenburg (MD)25,118 27.69%24,499.18 25,150.95 Lunenburg (T)2,313 2.55%2,256.02 2,316.03 Chester 10,698 11.79%10,434.44 10,712.03 West Hants 14,165 15.61%13,816.02 14,183.58 Windsor 3,785 4.17%3,691.75 3,789.96 REGION 6 90,719 $ 88,484.00 $90,838.00 12 Valda Walsh Regional Coordinator 902-624-1339 902-350-0333 Valda.Walsh@Region6SWM.ca THANK YOU What I am seeking today is a motion to approve the budget at $689,290 REQUEST FOR DECISION Prepared by:Bill DeGrace Date March 7, 2017 Reviewed by:Date Authorized by:Tammy Wilson, CAO Date March 7, 2017 CURRENT SITUATION The Municipality engaged Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation (BCAF) to co-ordinate a second water quality testing season for Fox Point Lake in 2016. Monitoring activity commenced in June and continued through October. The final report was submitted in January 2017 and considered by the Water Quality Monitoring Committee at its meeting of February 17, 2017. RECOMMENDATION That Council receive the Report for 2016 and share with: -Department of the Environment,and -the Developers of nearby Aspotogan Ridge (along with the 2015 Report and Program). BACKGROUND The Municipality appointed a Water Quality Monitoring Committee in response to concerns expressed at the public hearing for the rezoning of nearby lands in the Mill Cove area to permit a commercial golf course. These concerns pertained to perceived changes in water quality. The Committee is comprised of representatives of Municipal Council, the Municipal Area Advisory Committee, the Aspotogan Heritage Trust, the Fox Point Lake Property Owners Association, a local resident with knowledge of water quality monitoring, and the Developer, Aspotogan Ridge Inc. Currently, the Developer is not represented on the Committee. DISCUSSION Water quality monitoring, based on a program designed by BCAF in 2015,involves a series of bi-weekly tests to assess the health of this water body. Included are tests for phosphorus, nitrogen, chlorophyll a, water clarity,suspended and dissolved solids,dissolved oxygen/water temperature, fecal coliform, water level, stream discharge and a new test for 2016: blue-green algae.Guidelines (acceptable maximums) for monitoring are established by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) and Health Canada (for drinking water). REPORT TO:Municipal Council SUBMITTED BY:Bill DeGrace, Senior Planner DATE:March 7, 2017 SUBJECT:Fox Point Lake Water Quality Monitoring, 2016 Season Final Report ORIGIN:May 24,2016 contract award to Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation 2 request for decision Again this season, sampling sites were at the north inlet (relocated due to a beaver dam), the south inlet, the outlet and in deep water.A second deep-water testing location was added this season to assist with information on dissolved oxygen/water temperature.Volunteer monitors resident in the Fox Point Lake area conducted the testing following training, and under supervision.There were four volunteers in 2016 (five in 2015). The summer of 2016 was drier than the previous summer,so there were fewer siltation events. Moreover,there was no construction activity nearby.Key results are summarized as follows: 1.Algae Bloom –This occurred in June and the analysis showed a level of “microcystin-LR”(a cyanobacterial toxin) that exceeded the Health Canada drinking water guideline. As some algae blooms are toxic and others non-toxic,and they are indistinguishable in appearance, all should be tested and the public advised immediately to not use the water for domestic consumption. 2.Trophic State –This is a measure of biological productivity from oligotrophic (low), to mesotrophic (moderate)to eutrophic (high)based on nutrients, chlorophyll a and water clarity.Similar to 2015, results for 2016 show no significant change:Fox Point Lake is predominantly oligotrophic and approaching mesotrophic.However, improved water clarity in 2016 is a positive sign. 3.Dissolved oxygen/water temperature –As climate warms, the water column separates into layers of different densities based on water temperature. When there is little or no mixing of the layers – usually by late summer when temperature is higher –the supply of dissolved oxygen becomes depleted which affects the health of aquatic life.Both deep-water sampling sites showed low dissolved oxygen. 4.Fecal coliform –Once again this season, this was not an issue as the count fell well below the Health Canada guideline. 5.Nutrients –Similar to 2015, nutrient loading (phosphorus/nitrogen) is occurring at the south inlet stream.Phosphorus exceeded the CCME guideline throughout the 2016 season,but on a positive note the average showed a decrease from 2015, and there was no exceedance for nitrogen at all in 2016. IMPLICATIONS 1.Policy Water quality monitoring as an activity addresses the current MPS Policy 6.1.6:It is the intention of Council to encourage land use and development in a manner that will preserve, enhance and protect the natural environment and the living environment of the District of Chester. 2.Financial/Budgetary The 2016 monitoring season is being cost-shared between MODC and the Aspotogan Heritage Trust on an even split ($2,898 each). 3 request for decision 3.Environmental This project addresses a site-specific issue. 4.Strategic Plan Goal 4:Strengthen and support environmental, cultural and social resources. 5.Work Program Implications Staff co-ordination of this activity is required. The Committee is prepared to oversee a monitoring program for 2017 subject to budget approval.In addition,it is important to ensure that there will be volunteer support.Consideration could be given to scaling back the program in succeeding years to certain tests,and carrying out a more comprehensive testing regime on a less frequent basis. OPTIONS 1.Receive the Report for 2016 and share with: -Department of the Environment -the Developers of nearby Aspotogan Ridge (along with the 2015 Report and Program). 2.Defer acceptance pending further details. ATTACHMENTS Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation,Fox Point Lake 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Report, January 2017. COMMUNICATIONS (INTERNAL/EXTERNAL) N/A FOX POINT LAKE TEST RESULTS:SNAPSHOT Adapted from: Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation,Fox Point Lake 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Report. January 2017 Measure 2015 2016 Trophic state (Oligotrophic → Mesotrophic → Eutrophic) BEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WORST Oligotrophic (approaching Mesotrophic) Oligotrophic (approaching Mesotrophic) ● Nutrients (south inlet / mean) Phosphorus ≤ 0.03 mg/L guideline Nitrogen Chlorophyll a < 40 = Oligotrophic 0.164 1.22 34 0.149 0.612 41.5 ● ● ● Water clarity Secchi disk Dissolved solids pristine = 20 mg/L 49 27.5 45.7 29.7 ● ● Thermal stratification Temperature (south inlet / maximum)20◦C guideline Dissolved Oxygen ≥ 6.5 mg/L guideline 17.7 6.31 18.7 5.63 ● ● pH level (south inlet / mean)pH7 guideline 5.08 5.64 ● Water level 0.61 –0.80 0.63 –0.78 ● ●Slightly better ●No change ●Slightly worse Fox Point Lake 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Report Prepared for Municipality of the District of Chester Water Quality Monitoring Committee (Mill Cove) By Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation 37 Tannery Road, PO Box 730 Lunenburg, N.S. B0J 2C0 January 2017 Table of Contents Page 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Project Background……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1 1.2 Review of 2015 Water Quality Report……………………………………………………………………………. 4 1.3 Changes to the 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Program………………………………………………. 4 2.0 Water Quality Monitoring Results 2.1 Algae Bloom…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 7 2.2 Trophic State………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 2.3 Thermal Stratification…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 2.4 Water Temperature……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17 2.5 Dissolved Oxygen…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 2.6 pH………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20 2.7 Total Dissolved Solids…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22 2.8 Total Suspended Solids………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 2.9 Total Phosphorus…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24 2.10 Total Nitrogen……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26 2.11 Fecal Coliform……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28 2.12 Rainfall and Water Level……………………………………………………………………………………………… 30 2.13 Stream Discharge………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30 3.0 Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32 4.0 Recommendations……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 References……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35 Page List of Figures Figure 1. Fox Point Lake drainage basin and locations of four water quality monitoring sites………….. 3 Figure 2. Relocation of the North Inlet sample site at FPL in 2016……………………………………………………. 5 Figure 3. Location of second dissolved oxygen/water temperature profile site in FPL……………………… 6 Figure 4. TSI calculations for Fox Point Lake in 2016………………………………………………………………………… 10 Figure 5. Thermal stratification of a water column displaying three layers of varying densities………. 11 Figure 6. Thermal stratification in oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes represented by Dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles………………………………………………………….. 12 Figure 7. Common dissolved oxygen profiles found in thermally stratified lakes……………………………… 13 Figure 8. Dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles at Lake Site 1 in 2016………………………. 15 Figure 9. Dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles at Lake Site 2 in 2016………………………. 16 Figure 10. Water temperatures at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016………………………. 18 Figure 11. Dissolved oxygen at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016……………………………. 20 Figure 12. pH at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016………………………………………………….. 22 Figure 13. Total dissolved solids at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016……………………… 23 Figure 14. Total phosphorus at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016………………………….. 26 Figure 15. Total nitrogen at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016……………………………….. 28 Figure 16. Rainfall and water level results at FPL from June 22, 2016 to October 21, 2016……………… 30 Figure 17. Stream discharge rates in the outlet and inlet streams at FPL from June to October, 2016…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31 List of Tables Table 1. Locations of monitoring sites at FPL in 2016………………………………………………………………………… 6 Table 2. Mean and range values for key parameters from Lake Site 1 from June to September, 2016………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9 Table 3. Means and ranges of variables associated with trophic levels in lakes…………………………………. 9 Table 4. Comparison of Secchi disk, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus TSI scores in 2015 and 2016 at Fox Point Lake………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Table 5. Mean and maximum summer water temperatures from July to September, 2016 and 2015 maximum summer water temperatures……………………………………………………….. 18 Page Table 6. Mean and maximum summer dissolved oxygen results from July to September, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison……………………………………………………………………………… 19 Table 7. Mean and minimum pH results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21 Table 8. Total suspended solids (mg/L) results at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 Table 9. Mean and maximum total phosphorus results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison…………………………………………………………………………….. 25 Table 10. Mean and maximum total nitrogen results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison…………………………………………………………………………….. 27 Table 11. Fecal coliform (cfu/100 mL) results at four sample sites from June to October, 2016…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29 Table 12. Mean and range of stream discharge rates in FPL outlet and inlet streams from June to October, 2016……………………………………………………………………………………………… 31 1 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Project Background The Fox Point Lake Water Quality Monitoring Committee was appointed by the Municipality of the District of Chester in November 2014, in response to ongoing concerns about the water quality of Fox Point Lake (FPL) and the Aspotogan Ridge development project in Mill Cove. Aspotogan Ridge will be a 550-acre family lifestyle community, with the construction of over 500 residential units and an 18-hole golf course planned over the next several years. Residents of Fox Point Lake have documented several siltation run-off events in the lake during construction of the golf course, leading to concerns over the impacts of the development project on the health of Fox Point Lake and its drainage basin. The Water Quality Monitoring Committee was tasked with developing a Water Quality Monitoring Program to document the baseline water quality conditions of Fox Point Lake and track any changes in the health of the lake over the course of the development project. In 2015, Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation was contracted to develop this monitoring program, provide training and assistance to a group of volunteers, and to analyze and report on the water quality results of the initial monitoring period. A description of the monitoring program, including the sampling methodology and field procedures, can be found in Fox Point Lake Water Quality Monitoring Program (2015), and the results of the first monitoring season can be found in Fox Point Lake Water Quality Monitoring Report (2015), available on request from the Municipality of the District of Chester. The goals and objectives of the monitoring program remain unchanged from those stated in 2015 and are as follows: Program Goals: 1. Establish a baseline of the water quality conditions and trophic status of Fox Point Lake based on an initial monitoring period of May-October 2015, with the understanding that conditions may already be degraded to a certain degree as a result of development activities. 2. Monitor the water quality conditions and trophic status of Fox Point Lake throughout the course of the multi-year Aspotogan Ridge development project. 2 Program Objectives: a) Monitor various biological, chemical, and physical water quality parameters in Fox Point Lake to establish a baseline of these indicators and track any changes as a result of development. b) Determine the current trophic status of Fox Point Lake based on results of the initial monitoring period (May-October 2015), using the following key parameters: total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, and Secchi disk depths. c) Monitor the trophic status of Fox Point Lake throughout the course of development for signs of cultural eutrophication. d) Monitor the water depth of Fox Point Lake throughout the course of development as an indicator of sediment in-filling or altered drainage basin hydrology. e) Monitor precipitation amounts throughout the course of development to track local rainfall patterns and the severity of associated siltation events in Fox Point Lake. f) Monitor stream flow discharge in two inlet streams and one outlet stream of Fox Point Lake throughout the course of development as an indicator of altered hydrology within the drainage basin. g) Monitor and document siltation events and algal blooms occurring in Fox Point Lake throughout the course of development. h) Monitor thermal stratification of Fox Point Lake by conducting temperature/ dissolved oxygen profiles to track the influence of increased nutrient loading on the algal and dissolved oxygen conditions of the lake. Fox Point Lake is the largest lake on the Aspotogan Peninsula. This 1.4 km² lake is shallow, long, and narrow, with 11 small islands and an average depth of 4.9 m (Beanlands, 1980). The lake receives drainage from its 8 km² catchment area through two inlet streams. The northern inlet flows through wetland habitat and drains the northern half of the catchment area, while the southern inlet flows directly through the golf course development site and drains the southern end of the catchment. A single outlet stream in the southeast corner of the lake flows directly into St. Margaret’s Bay. The FPL Water Quality Monitoring Program was designed to be carried out by residents of the lake on a volunteer basis, with the assistance of the Coastal Action Project Manager throughout the summer. In 2015, four sample sites were established around the lake, as well as a rainfall and water level monitoring station on a volunteer’s shoreline property. Sample site locations 3 were chosen to monitor water quality conditions in the lake, the outlet stream, and the north and south inlet streams before they enter the lake (see Fig. 1). Figure 1 – Fox Point Lake drainage basin and locations of four water quality monitoring sites. 4 1.2 Review of 2015 Water Quality Report The 2015 monitoring season provided valuable baseline data on the overall health of Fox Point Lake and its outlet and inlet streams. Following the initial monitoring period in 2015, it was determined that Fox Point Lake is healthy but at risk of cultural eutrophication if anthropogenic activities within its catchment area are not properly managed. The trophic state was identified as oligotrophic approaching mesotrophic, meaning that the lake has low to moderate biological productivity. Thermal stratification occurred in the lake from June to October, leading to severe oxygen depletion in the bottom layer of the lake. Surface water temperatures in the lake exceeded 20°C in July and August, which causes stress for many aquatic organisms. These high surface water temperatures and low dissolved oxygen conditions in the bottom layer of the lake indicate that the outlet and inlet streams are likely providing important thermal refugia habitat for the fish populations of Fox Point Lake. The North Inlet sample site displayed very low dissolved oxygen concentrations during the warmest part of the summer. Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) exceeded the recommended guidelines at the South Inlet sample site on several occasions, indicating that this stream is suffering from excessive nutrient loading. Fecal bacteria results fell well below Health Canada guidelines established to protect human health, except for one occasion when guidelines were exceeded at the North Inlet and South Inlet sample sites. 1.3 Changes to the 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Program Two changes were made to the monitoring program in 2016, which involved the relocation of the North Inlet sample site, and the addition of a second dissolved oxygen/water temperature profile site in the lake. The North Inlet sample site was moved approximately 100 m downstream from its original location in 2015 (see Fig. 2). The construction of a beaver dam immediately downstream of the original location caused a number of issues with accessing the site and collecting all the required data throughout the 2015 monitoring period. 5 Figure 2 – Relocation of the North Inlet sample site at FPL in 2016. In 2015, depth profiles for dissolved oxygen and water temperature were conducted on a bi- weekly basis at the deepest point (19 m) in the lake (Lake sample site) to monitor thermal stratification throughout the water column and dissolved oxygen conditions in the bottom layer of the lake. These profiles revealed that Fox Point Lake was thermally stratified from June to October and dissolved oxygen became severely depleted in the bottom layer of the water column. In order to gain a better understanding of thermal stratification and oxygen depletion in the lake, a second profile site was established at the northern end of the lake in another deep spot (16 m) (see Fig. 3). The original Lake sample site will now be referred to as ‘Lake Site 1’ and the new depth profile site is called ‘Lake Site 2’. YSI and depth profile data are collected from Lake Site 2; however, water samples for laboratory analysis are not collected from this site. 6 Figure 3 – Location of second dissolved oxygen/water temperature profile site in FPL. Table 1 – Locations of monitoring sites at FPL in 2016. Monitoring Site Site Coordinates North Inlet N 44°36’55.14” W 64°05’24.21” South Inlet N 44°35’47.00” W 64°04’60.00” Lake Site 1 N 44°36’04.86” W 64°04.56.28” Outlet N 44°35’52.92” W 64°04.31.99” Lake Site 2 N 44°36’29.14” W 64°05’15.06” Rainfall/Staff Gauges N 44°35’56.62” W 64°05’02.11” 7 2.0 Water Quality Monitoring Results The following section provides an analysis of the 2016 monitoring program results. Many of the water quality parameters will be compared to established guidelines that have been designated by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), Health Canada, or through other research bodies. According to residents of FPL, no siltation run-off events were observed during the summer months of 2016 and the lake water was clearer than they have seen it over the past several years. The Aspotogan Ridge development project, currently one of the most significant sources of anthropogenic activities within the FPL catchment area, was not active during the 2016 monitoring period. Golf course operations and construction activities were put on hold and it is currently unknown when this development project will recommence. 2.1 Algae Bloom On June 22, 2016, an algae bloom occurred in Fox Point Lake. Members of the FPL volunteer group collected a water sample to be analyzed at Maxxam Analytics laboratory for microcystin- LR, which is a toxin produced by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Analysis of the water sample indicated a level of microcystin-LR of 1.25 µg/L, confirming the presence of cyanobacterial toxins in the bloom. The drinking water guideline for cyanobacterial toxins – microcystin-LR is 1.5 µg/L (Health Canada, 2010). This guideline is meant to protect against exposure to other types of microcystins which may be present in a bloom. Microcystins can persist in aquatic environments after a visible bloom has dissipated (Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Water, 2002). Freshwater cyanobacteria can accumulate in surface waters, producing a ‘bloom’ or ‘scum’ layer on the surface of a waterbody. Cyanobacterial blooms can persist in water with adequate supplies of nitrogen and phosphorus, water temperatures between 15-30°C, and a pH between 6.0 - 9.0 and tend to recur within the same waterbody year after year. There is no simple method to distinguish between toxic and non-toxic blooms; therefore, every algal bloom should be treated as potentially dangerous. In general, 50-75% of the isolates from a bloom are capable of producing toxins and there is often more than one type of toxin present, although not all cyanobacterial blooms will produce toxins. Exposure to cyanobacterial toxins is most often through the consumption of drinking water, and minor exposure can occur through recreational activities and other domestic water uses. Although rare, illnesses can occur from recreational exposure through skin contact or inadvertent ingestion of water, and can include 8 stomach cramps, vomiting, fever, headache, eye and skin irritation, and muscle pain and weakness (WHO, 2003; Federal-Provincial-Territorial Committee on Drinking Water, 2002). The analysis of microcystin-LR in the water sample from FPL was sent to a laboratory in Alberta and results were not received by the Coastal Action Project Manager for several weeks. As a precaution, all algae blooms in FPL should be treated with caution as soon as they occur rather than wait for confirmation on the presence of cyanobacterial toxins. Domestic water use should be restricted and recreational use of the lake by humans and pets should be avoided until after the bloom has dissipated. 2.2 Trophic State The trophic state of a lake describes its level of biological productivity and provides a valuable benchmark from which to monitor changes in the health of a lake and its drainage basin as a result of various anthropogenic activities. Oligotrophic lakes display low levels of productivity and relatively pristine conditions, mesotrophic lakes have moderate biological production, and eutrophic lakes exhibit high productivity and high densities of plant biomass. Eutrophication is the natural, long-term process of lakes progressing from lower trophic states to higher ones, while cultural eutrophication refers to the accelerated trend towards higher trophic states due to anthropogenic impacts within the drainage basin of a lake. Symptoms of cultural eutrophication include excessive nutrient loading, increased algal and rooted aquatic plant growth, and low dissolved oxygen conditions (Brown & Simpson, 1998; Brylinsky, 2004). Determining the trophic state of a lake involves the analysis of key variables: total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, and Secchi disk depth. In 2015, these water quality parameters were used to assess the trophic state of Fox Point Lake by calculating the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI) scores (Carlson, 1977). The trophic state of Fox Point Lake in 2015 was determined to be oligotrophic and approaching mesotrophic. This analysis has been repeated using results from the 2016 monitoring season to identify any changes in trophic state. 9 Table 2 – Mean and range values for key parameters from Lake Site 1 from June to October, 2016. Total Phosphorus (µg/L) Total Nitrogen (µg/L) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) Secchi Disk Depth (m) Mean 6.8 214 3.05 2.69 Range 5 - 8 187 - 266 1.25- 5.21 1.72 – 3.26 Table 3 – Means and ranges of variables associated with trophic levels in lakes (Brown & Simpson, 1998). A comparison of the results from Lake Site 1 (see Table 2) to a set of ranges and means established by Vollenweider & Kerekes (1982) (see Table 3) suggests that the trophic state of Fox Point Lake is predominantly oligotrophic and approaching mesotrophic. Additional analysis of trophic state, using the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI), will provide a numerical score for each key parameter which can be directly compared to the scores calculated in 2015. The TSI ranges from 0 to 100 and can be calculated for each parameter individually using the following formulas: 10 Secchi disk: TSI(SD) = 60 – 14.41 ln(SD) TSI(SD) = 45.7 Chlorophyll a: TSI(CHL) = 9.81 ln(CHL) + 30.6 TSI(CHL) = 41.5 Total phosphorus: TSI(TP) = 14.42 ln(TP) + 4.15 TSI(TP) = 31.8 (ln = natural log) Figure 4 – TSI calculations for Fox Point Lake in 2016. Table 4 – Comparison of Secchi disk, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus TSI scores in 2015 and 2016 at Fox Point Lake. 2015 2016 TSI (SD) 49 45.7 TSI (CHL) 34 41.5 TSI (TP) 37 31.8 Lakes with a TSI of less than 40 are oligotrophic, mesotrophic lakes have TSI values between 40 and 50, and lakes with a TSI value greater than 50 are classified as eutrophic. The TSI value for chlorophyll a is often given priority as it provides the most accurate prediction of algal biomass. TSI scores indicate, again, that Fox Point Lake has a trophic state of oligotrophic, approaching mesotrophic, meaning that the lake has low to moderate biological productivity. The decrease in TSI scores for Secchi disk depth from 49 in 2015 to 45.7 in 2016 reflect improved water clarity. The average Secchi disk depth, in 2016, was 2.69 m at Lake Site 1 and 2.92 m at Lake Site 2, compared to an average Secchi disk depth of 2.09 at Lake Site 1 in 2015. Residents of the lake have reported that the water clarity is better than they have seen in years. The increase in TSI scores for chlorophyll a indicate an increase in algal biomass; however, Secchi disk depth is not only influenced by algal biomass, but can be effected by the presence of sediment, silt, and other materials in the water column (NSSA, 2014; EPA 2002). This analysis of trophic state has not identified any significant changes in the biological productivity of the lake from 2015 to 2016. The trophic state of oligotrophic approaching mesotrophic remains the same as 2015, even with slight changes in TSI scores. Two years of monitoring data have produced a valuable baseline of trophic conditions in FPL from which to assess changes in future monitoring years. 11 2.3 Thermal Stratification Thermal stratification of a lake involves the separation of the water column into layers of different densities based on changing water temperatures (see Fig. 5). This process begins with spring turnover, when the water temperature of a lake is consistent from top to bottom. Wind circulation draws dissolved oxygen from the surface to the bottom waters and pulls nutrients from the bottom to the surface. In late spring/early summer, the surface waters begin to warm and three layers begin to form throughout the water column. The epilimnion represents the warmer surface layer, where light can penetrate and wind action circulates the water, adding dissolved oxygen. The metalimnion, or thermocline, represents the middle layer where temperature changes rapidly with depth. The bottom layer, or hypolimnion, holds the coldest, densest water. Figure 5 – Thermal stratification of a water column displaying three layers of varying densities (Chowdhury et al., 2014). By late summer, when stratification is at its strongest, there is little to no mixing between the layers, which means that the hypolimnion is no longer receiving dissolved oxygen from the surface. This finite supply of dissolved oxygen in the bottom layer can be depleted over the course of the summer because of organic material sinking to the lake bottom and being decomposed by bacteria. The available dissolved oxygen is consumed through microbial decomposition, leading to extremely low dissolved oxygen levels in the hypolimnion and a decreased ability to support aquatic life (Brylinsky, 2004). 12 Low dissolved oxygen conditions have significant physiological and behavioural effects on aquatic organisms. The CCME Guideline for the Protection of Aquatic Life for dissolved oxygen is ≥ 6.5 mg/L for cold-water species and ≥ 5.5 mg/L for warm-water species (CCME, 1999). Dissolved oxygen levels which fall below this guideline cause stress in aquatic organisms and may result in relocation, dormancy, or death. Thermal stratification is broken in autumn as surface waters cool and the water temperature becomes uniform from top to bottom once again. Once the density layers have broken down, mixing of the water column replenishes dissolved oxygen in the bottom waters (see Fig. 6). Figure 6 – Thermal stratification in oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes represented by dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles (Wetzel, 2001). There are four types of dissolved oxygen profiles that can develop during thermal stratification, depending on the level of biological productivity (trophic state) of a lake (see Fig. 7). An orthograde profile is seen in oligotrophic lakes (low nutrient input, low productivity) when the dissolved oxygen concentration decreases in the epilimnion and increases in the hypolimnion. Clinograde profiles are observed in eutrophic and mesotrophic lakes (high nutrient input, high productivity) when the dissolved oxygen concentration decreases in the hypolimnion and 13 increases in the epilimnion. Heterograde profiles develop when there are high or low concentrations of dissolved oxygen at unlikely depths throughout the water column. Negative heterograde profiles display low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the metalimnion (thermocline), usually caused by an accumulation of decomposing organisms caught at the density boundary. Positive heterograde profiles display high dissolved oxygen concentrations in the metalimnion, usually caused by a high concentration of photosynthesizers in that part of the water column (Mackie, 2004). Figure 7 – Common dissolved oxygen profiles found in thermally stratified lakes (Mackie, 2004). Depth profiles were conducted at both Lake Site 1 and Lake Site 2 from June to October, 2016 (see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). At Lake Site 1, thermal stratification was established by June 15 with a thermocline depth of 8 m and dissolved oxygen concentrations above the CCME guideline throughout the water column. In July, the thermocline shifted upwards to approximately 4-6 m depth, which increased the proportion of the hypolimnion layer in the water column. Depth profiles on August 11 and August 23 displayed negative heterograde profiles, which means that decomposing organisms were caught in the density boundary of the thermocline (metalimnion) and consuming oxygen. By August 23, dissolved oxygen concentrations had fallen below the 14 CCME guideline. Depth profiles in September displayed clinograde profiles and dissolved oxygen concentrations had dropped as low as 2.74 mg/L. By October 27, thermal stratification had broken down at Lake Site 1 and water temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations were uniform throughout the water column. At Lake Site 2, thermal stratification was established by June 15 with a thermocline depth of 8 m and dissolved oxygen conditions just above the CCME guideline. In July, the thermocline shifted upwards to a depth of 4-6 m, which increased the proportion of the hypolimnion layer. Depth profiles in July and August displayed clinograde profile curves, which indicates high productivity and microbial decomposition in the hypolimnion. On September 9, dissolved oxygen still displayed a clinograde profile, with concentrations dropping as low as 2.89 mg/L. Thermal stratification was broken by September 30, with uniform water temperatures throughout the water column and dissolved oxygen concentrations above the CCME guideline. Thermal stratification was established at both Lake Site 1 and Lake Site 2 by June 15; however, this stratification began to break down earlier at Lake Site 2. Both sites displayed clinograde profiles and dissolved oxygen concentrations below 3 mg/L by late summer. Once established, thermal stratification in FPL does not appear to break down at any point through the summer, meaning that dissolved oxygen does not get replenished until fall turnover. Microbial decomposition consumes most of this finite supply of oxygen, causing severe depletion in the bottom waters of the lake. If biological productivity increases in Fox Point Lake, oxygen conditions in the hypolimnion may become hypoxic (< 2 mg/L) or anoxic (< 1 mg/L) (USGS, 2014), which causes a shift in microbial decomposition from aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria, which decompose organic material 20 times slower and release methane and hydrogen sulfide gases that are toxic to aquatic organisms. Anoxic conditions can also lead to the release of phosphorus and metals from bottom sediments through oxidation reduction reactions (Hayes et al., 1985). Bottom sediments of Fox Point Lake may be holding a significant amount of phosphorus, given the number of severe run-off siltation events that have occurred in recent years. If the bottom of the lake becomes anoxic, internal phosphorus loading could lead to algal blooms and increased aquatic plant growth in the lake (Brylinsky, 2004). 15 Figure 8 – Dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles at Lake Site 1 in 2016. 16 Figure 9 – Dissolved oxygen/water temperature depth profiles at Lake Site 2 in 2016. 17 2.4 Water Temperature Water temperature is one of the most important indicators of water quality which plays a significant role in the health and productivity of aquatic ecosystems. Water temperature effects many physical, chemical, and biological factors in an aquatic system. Dissolved oxygen is strongly influenced by temperature, as cold water can hold more oxygen than warm water. Aquatic organisms have varying levels of sensitivity to temperature as well as optimal temperature ranges, and extreme temperature fluctuations outside of those optimal ranges, both acute and chronic, can cause physiological stress, relocation, or death (NSSA, 2014). Salmonids, such as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), require cold water for survival. Brook trout, known to populate Fox Point Lake, are one of the most temperature-sensitive salmonid species, and will begin to experience physiological stress if water temperatures exceed 20°C. In response to high temperatures, fish will seek out areas of thermal refugia, such as spring/groundwater-fed streams and streams with deep cold-water pools (MacMillan et al., 2005). Water temperature was monitored at all 5 sample sites on a bi-weekly basis from June to October, 2016. Surface water temperatures were nearly identical at Lake Site 1 and Lake Site 2 (see Fig. 10), with both sites, as well as the Outlet site, exceeding 20°C from July to early September. The South Inlet site displayed the lowest water temperatures, as much of this stream flows through dense forest habitat which provides shade for the stream and maintains cooler water temperatures. Maximum recorded water temperatures increased from 2015 at the North Inlet, South Inlet, and Outlet sites, while there was a decrease in the maximum temperature recorded at Lake Site 1 (see Table 5). Similar to what was observed in 2015, the inlet and outlet streams may be providing important thermal refugia habitat for cold-water fish populations, such as brook trout, as surface water temperatures exceed 20°C and dissolved oxygen levels decrease in the bottom layers of the lake. 18 Table 5 – Mean and maximum summer water temperatures from July to September, 2016 and 2015 maximum summer water temperatures. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet Lake Site 2 Mean Summer Water Temperature (°C) 18.4 16.3 21.3 20.5 21.5 Maximum Summer Water Temperature (°C) 20.7 18.7 23 23.2 23.3 2015 Maximum Summer Water Temperature (°C) 18.7 17.7 23.9 22.9 N/A Figure 10 – Water temperatures at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. 2.5 Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the most important indicators of water quality and aquatic ecosystem health. Sources of DO in water include wind and wave action, photosynthesis by aquatic vegetation, rainfall, and cascading water. The amount of DO available to aquatic life in a lake is influenced by several factors including thermal stratification, algal and aquatic plant density, water temperature, and the oxygen content of inlet streams (EPA, 2002). The CCME 19 Water Quality Guideline for the Protection of Aquatic Life for dissolved oxygen is ≥ 6.5 mg/L for cold-water species and ≥ 5.5 mg/L for warm-water species (CCME, 1999). Dissolved oxygen shows an inverse relationship with water temperature, with DO concentrations decreasing at all sites during the warmest part of the monitoring period, because oxygen becomes less soluble in water as temperature increases (CCME, 1999). Both Lake Site 1 and Lake Site 2 display surface DO concentrations above the CCME guideline for the entire monitoring period, due to wind and wave action and photosynthesis in the photic zone. The North Inlet and South Inlet sample sites display DO conditions below the CCME guideline from July to September. Both streams have very slow moving water, which limits the rate of oxygen transfer from the atmosphere into surface waters. DO concentrations at the Outlet sample site fell below the CCME guideline on three occasions; however, the cascading riffle habitat upstream of this site normally maintains suitable DO conditions (see Fig. 11). Table 6 – Mean and minimum summer dissolved oxygen results from July to September, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet Lake Site 2 Mean Summer Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (2015 results) 3.36 (2.25) 5.63 (6.31) 8.02 (7.88) 6.97 (7.05) 8.09 (N/A) Minimum Summer Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (2015 results) 2.31 (1.38) 3.92 (5.86) 7.43 (7.33) 5.61 (5.75) 6.98 (N/A) 20 Figure 11 – Dissolved oxygen at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. 2.6 pH pH is the measurement of the hydrogen-ion concentration in water, and is expressed on a logarithmic scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 0 is the most acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 14 is the most basic. The CCME Guideline for the Protection of Aquatic Life is within the pH range of 6.5 – 9.0, while the drinking water guideline is 6.5 - 8.5, and the recreational water quality guideline is 5.0 - 9.0 (CCME, 2002). Natural variation in pH occurs as a result of the composition of soils and bedrock, drainage from coniferous forests, and the amount of aquatic vegetation and organic material present. Anthropogenic influences on pH include wastewater discharge, increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, and acid precipitation (B.C. MoE, 1998). Fish and other aquatic organisms experience negative physiological impacts in acidic water with pH < 5.0. Salmon can withstand a pH as low as 5.0, while trout are slightly hardier and can withstand a pH as low as 4.7. The impact of low pH depends on the proportions of organic and inorganic acids in the water. Organic acids, which leach out of soils and wetlands and give water 21 a tea color, are less harmful to aquatic life than inorganic acids (sulphuric and nitric acids) from acid precipitation (NSSA, 2014). Acidification of water bodies is a significant issue in Nova Scotia, with the province having lost the greatest percentage of fish habitat, due to acid precipitation, in all of North America. Nova Scotia lies directly downwind of the high emission polluting areas of central Canada and the Midwestern United States. Southwestern Nova Scotia suffers significantly from acid precipitation due to the poor buffering capacity of the soils in this region, which are unable to neutralize the effects of the acids (NSSA, 2015). All the pH readings fell below the CCME Guideline for the Protection of Aquatic Life at the North Inlet, South Inlet, Outlet, and Lake Site 2, while Lake Site 1 had only two recorded pH values above the guideline (see Fig. 12). The North Inlet site is the most acidic, and both this site and the South Inlet site displayed pH < 5.0 on October 27, 2016. The average and minimum pH values recorded in 2016 have all increased from 2015 (see Table 7). Table 7 – Mean and minimum pH results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet Lake Site 2 Mean pH (2015 results) 5.17 (4.56) 5.64 (5.08) 6.39 (6.11) 5.74 (5.45) 6.06 (N/A) Minimum pH (2015 results) 4.36 (3.88) 4.85 (4.10) 6.08 (5.66) 5.59 (5.04) 5.86 (N/A) 22 Figure 12 – pH at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. 2.7 Total Dissolved Solids Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the amount of dissolved materials in the water column, such as calcium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, sulphate, nitrate, and bicarbonate. Dissolved solids can come from natural sources in the environment as well as from sewage effluent, urban and agricultural run-off, industrial wastewater, and road salts. High TDS will influence the taste, color, and clarity of water, thus restricting its use as drinking water or for irrigation (B.C. MoE, 1998; NSSA, 2014). There are no guidelines for the protection of aquatic life in terms of dissolved solids; however, Health Canada has established a drinking water guideline of ≤ 500 mg/L (Health Canada, 1991). The average TDS for pristine lakes in Nova Scotia is 20 mg/L (Hinch & Underwood, 1985). Fox Point Lake displayed an average TDS of 29.7 mg/L (at both Lake Site 1 and Lake Site 2) in 2016, compared to an average of 27.5 mg/L in 2015, which falls above the average for pristine N.S. lakes but well below the Health Canada drinking water guideline. Lake Site 1, Lake Site 2, 23 and the Outlet site all displayed very similar TDS levels (see Fig. 13) ranging between 28.6-31.2 mg/L. The North Inlet site displayed the highest TDS concentrations in both 2015 and 2016. Figure 13 – Total dissolved solids at five FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. 2.8 Total Suspended Solids Total suspended solids (TSS) is a measure of the solids suspended in a water column which do not pass through a 45 µm glass fibre filter, such as silt, clay, plankton, microscopic organisms, and fine organic and inorganic particles. TSS is one of the most visible indicators of water quality, as it provides a measure of sedimentation and water clarity. Sources of suspended solids include natural geological erosion, agriculture, forestry, construction, and wastewater discharge. High TSS can cause an increase in surface water temperatures as particles in the water column absorb solar radiation, and a decrease in dissolved oxygen as suspended particles decrease light penetration and rates of photosynthesis. The average background concentration 24 in Nova Scotia lakes is 3.0 mg/L (Hinch & Underwood, 1985). The CCME Guideline for the Protection of Aquatic Life is also dependent on background (baseline) levels of suspended solids. When background levels are ≤ 100 mg/L, the maximum allowable increase is 10 mg/L above the background level. When background levels are > 100 mg/L, the maximum allowable increase is 10% of background levels (CCME, 2002). Table 8 – Total suspended solids (mg/L) results at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet 15-June-2016 ND (RDL = 1.0) 1.8 1.4 1.4 21-July-2016 1.2 5.5 ND (RDL = 1.0) 1.4 23-August-2016 ND (RDL = 1.0) 1 1.2 1.2 30-September-2016 2.0 1.8 ND (RDL = 1.0) 2.4 27-October-2016 2.0 1.2 1.2 ND (RDL = 1.0) ND = Not Detected RDL = Reportable Detection Limit TSS results from Lake Site 1 fall below the average background concentration of TSS in Nova Scotia’s lakes (3.0 mg/L), as they did in 2015, indicating that suspended solids are not a significant problem in Fox Point Lake and are likely not contributing to increased surface water temperatures or decreased dissolved oxygen conditions (see Table 8). Residents of FPL have stated that the water was clearer during the summer of 2016 than it has been for several years. The highest concentration of TSS was 5.5 mg/L, which occurred at the South Inlet site on July 21, 2016. 2.9 Total Phosphorus Total phosphorus is a measure of both inorganic and organic forms of phosphorus. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth, and has few natural sources in the environment. It is usually the limiting factor for the growth of algae and aquatic plants in freshwater systems, meaning that elevated levels in a waterbody are likely a result of anthropogenic activities. Natural sources of phosphorus in the environment come from weathering and erosion of rocks, and the decomposition of organic matter. Anthropogenic sources of phosphorus include 25 industrial effluent, fertilizers, sewage effluent, and run-off from urban, agricultural, or forestry land-use (B.C. MoE, 1998). Lakes which are not significantly impacted by anthropogenic activities usually display total phosphorus levels < 0.01 mg/L (B.C. MoE, 1998). CCME has not established a guideline for total phosphorus because it is not a ‘toxic substance’, rather it has secondary effects such as eutrophication and oxygen depletion (CCME, 2004). Provincial guidelines have been established in some parts of Canada, but not in Nova Scotia. Guidelines established by Ontario’s Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MOECC) are widely cited and include separate guidelines for lake and stream habitats. The total phosphorus guideline in lakes is ≤ 0.02 mg/L, and for rivers and streams the guideline is ≤ 0.03 mg/L (MOECC, 1979). Table 9 – Mean and maximum total phosphorus results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet Mean Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (2015 results) 0.018 (0.020) 0.149 (0.164) 0.007 (0.010) 0.012 (0.008) Maximum Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (2015 results) 0.031 (0.030) 0.320 (0.240) 0.008 (0.014) 0.027 (0.008) 26 Figure 14 – Total phosphorus at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. Total phosphorus concentrations at Lake Site 1 remained below the MOECC guideline for lakes (≤ 0.02 mg/L) for the entire monitoring period. The Outlet sample site did not exceed the MOECC guideline for stream habitats (≤0.03 mg/L) and the North Inlet site narrowly exceeded this guideline by 0.001 mg/L on one occasion. The South Inlet site exceeded the stream guideline throughout the entire monitoring period, reaching a maximum total phosphorus concentration of 0.32 mg/L on July 21, 2016 (see Fig. 14). Total phosphorus results in 2016 are similar to those in 2015, with the South Inlet sample site exceeding guidelines for the entire monitoring period. The average total phosphorus concentration at the South Inlet sample site has decreased from 0.164 mg/L in 2015 to 0.149 mg/L in 2016 (see Table 9). 2.10 Total Nitrogen Total nitrogen is a measure of all forms of organic and inorganic nitrogen. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in plant growth, and is usually the limiting factor for the growth of algae and 27 aquatic plants in marine systems. Anthropogenic sources of nitrogen include sewage effluent, urban and agricultural run-off, and industrial effluent (B.C. MoE, 1998). Similar to total phosphorus, the CCME has not established a guideline for total nitrogen because it is not considered a ‘toxic substance’ and its negative effects on the environment occur through secondary effects (eutrophication and oxygen depletion) (CCME, 2004). Guidelines have been established through extensive research on the fate of nutrients in freshwater systems. Dodds & Welch (2000) have established a total nitrogen guideline of ≤ 0.9 mg/L for freshwater environments in which excessive nutrient loading and eutrophication are likely to occur. Table 10 - Mean and maximum total nitrogen results from June to October, 2016 with 2015 results for comparison. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet Mean Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (2015 results) 0.481 (0.530) 0.612 (1.22) 0.214 (0.234) 0.236 (0.365) Maximum Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (2015 results) 0.584 (0.624) 0.763 (2.01) 0.266 (0.266) 0.298 (0.696) 28 Figure 15 – Total nitrogen at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. In 2015, the South Inlet was the only sample site to exceed the guideline for total nitrogen (see Fig. 15). In 2016, there were no exceedances of the guideline and the average total nitrogen concentrations decreased at all four sample sites. The South Inlet site displayed an average concentration of 0.612 mg/L and a maximum concentration of 0.763 mg/L in 2016, compared to an average of 1.221 mg/L and maximum of 2.01 mg/L in 2015 (see Table 10). 2.11 Fecal Coliform Fecal coliform bacteria are found in the waste of warm-blooded animals and are used as an indicator of fecal contamination in the environment. There are hundreds of types of disease- causing bacteria, viruses, parasites and other harmful microorganisms, making it impractical to test for all of them. Non-pathogenic fecal bacteria species, which are easier and more affordable to test for, are used as ‘indicators’ of the possible presence of more harmful disease- causing organisms. E. coli (Escherichia coli) is the most appropriate indicator of fecal contamination in freshwater environments. Most fecal coliform bacteria are comprised of E. 29 coli and will be used as a proxy measurement for E. coli, to be compared to the Health Canada guidelines for E. coli. Health Canada has developed several comprehensive guidelines for the protection of human health. Separate guidelines have been developed to protect human health during various forms of water recreation: Primary contact: Activities in which the whole body or the face and trunk are frequently immersed or the face is frequently wetted by spray, and where it is likely that some water will be swallowed (e.g., swimming, surfing, waterskiing, whitewater canoeing/rafting/kayaking, windsurfing, subsurface diving). Secondary contact: Activities in which only the limbs are regularly wetted and in which greater contact (including swallowing water) is unusual (e.g., rowing, sailing, canoe touring, fishing). (Health Canada, 2012) Sources of fecal contamination include stormwater run-off, malfunctioning septic systems, livestock, wildlife, domestic animals, and agricultural run-off. The abundance and persistence of fecal bacteria in freshwater systems can be influenced by several factors, which means that bacteria sampling results can be highly variable. Exposure to water which is contaminated with fecal bacteria poses a significant risk to public health and can cause illnesses such as gastroenteritis, hepatitis, and respiratory infections (B.C. MoE, 1998; Health Canada, 2012). The Health Canada guideline for primary contact is ≤ 400 cfu/100 mL, and the secondary contact guideline is ≤ 1000 cfu/100 mL. The results for all four FPL sample sites fell well below both the primary and secondary contact guidelines (see Table 11). Table 11 – Fecal coliform (cfu/100 mL) results at four FPL sample sites from June to October, 2016. North Inlet South Inlet Lake Site 1 Outlet 15-June-2016 20 10 ND (RDL = 10) 10 21-July-2016 60 70 ND (RDL = 10) 10 23-August-2016 20 30 10 10 30-September-2016 20 50 ND (RDL = 10) 10 27-October-2016 ND (RDL = 10) ND (RDL = 10) ND (RDL = 10) ND (RDL = 10) ND = Not Detected RDL = Reportable Detection Limit 30 2.12 Rainfall and Water Level Rainfall amount and the water level of Fox Point Lake were monitored daily from June 22 to October 21, 2016 using a rainfall gauge and a staff gauge. This provides valuable baseline data to gain insight into the natural variability of this lake and its catchment, as well as identify any significant changes which may be attributable to anthropogenic activities such as land level alterations, watercourse and wetland alterations, irrigation water usage, or vegetation removal (Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 2006). The total rainfall amount from June 22 to October 21, 2016 equalled 163 mm, compared to a total rainfall amount of 318 mm over the same time period in 2015. The water level of the lake fluctuated between 0.63 m – 0.78 m in 2016, similar to 2015 levels which fluctuated between 0.61 m – 0.80 m (see Fig. 16). Figure 16 – Rainfall and water level results at FPL from June 22, 2016 to October 21, 2016. 2.13 Stream Discharge Water velocity was monitored at the North Inlet, South Inlet, and Outlet sample sites on a bi- weekly basis, along with water depths and stream widths, to determine stream discharge rates. The discharge rate of a stream is a product of its velocity times the depth and width (cross- 31 sectional area) of the water flowing in that stream. Anthropogenic activities which effect the hydrologic conditions in a catchment area may result in changes in stream discharge rates (Meals & Dressing, 2008). The average discharge rates in 2016 are lower than the average rates in 2015 for all three stream sites. This may be a reflection of the different rainfall amounts recorded during the 2015 and 2016 monitoring periods (2015 = 318 mm; 2016 = 163 mm). The South Inlet stream displays the lowest discharge rate and the least variability (see Fig. 17). Table 12 – Mean and range of stream discharge rates in FPL outlet and inlet streams from June to October, 2016. North Inlet South Inlet Outlet Mean Stream Discharge (m³/s) (2015 results) 0.213 (0.428) 0.027 (0.036) 0.178 (0.235) Range of Stream Discharge (m³/s) (2015 results) 0.161 – 0.271 (0.202 – 0.701) 0.012 – 0.035 (0.021 – 0.058) 0.032 – 0.540 (0.052 – 0.749) Figure 17 – Stream discharge rates in the outlet and inlet streams at FPL from June to October, 2016. 32 3.0 Discussion Fox Point Lake did not experience any siltation run-off events during the 2016 monitoring season, and residents of the lake have stated that the water clarity was better than they have seen in several years. Total suspended solids results have increased slightly from 2015 results in the lake; however, they continue to fall below the average TSS concentration in Nova Scotia lakes, and Secchi disk depths (another measure of water clarity) have improved since 2015. An algal bloom occurred in the lake on June 22, 2016. Water sample analysis confirmed the presence of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR. The concentration of this toxin did not exceed drinking water guidelines. Cyanobacterial blooms tend to recur in the same waterbody year after year, and it is likely that an algal bloom occurred during the summer of 2015, as reported by FPL residents (samples were not taken to confirm the presence of toxins) (WHO, 2003). Surface water temperatures in the lake and the outlet stream exceeded 20°C from July to early September, which causes stress for fish and other aquatic organisms. Water temperatures in the North and South Inlet streams remained cooler throughout the summer, indicating that these streams may be providing important thermal refugia for fish populations in the lake. While surface water temperatures were high at the Outlet sample site, this stream does have deep, cold-water pools as well as better dissolved oxygen conditions compared to the North and South Inlet sample sites; therefore, the Outlet stream is likely providing important summer habitat for fish as well. It is important to maintain the health of these inlet and outlet streams so they can continue to support aquatic life and to prevent excessive nutrient loading and sedimentation from entering the lake from these streams. Similar to 2015 results, exceedances of nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) guidelines were only observed at the South Inlet sample site. This site exceeded the guideline for total phosphorus throughout the entire monitoring period, although the average concentration did decrease slightly from 2015. Total nitrogen concentrations have also decreased in the South Inlet, with two guideline exceedances occurring at this site in 2015 and no exceedances in 2016. With few natural sources in the environment, it is likely that the excessive phosphorus loading in this stream is due to anthropogenic activities (B.C. MoE, 1998). The poor water quality in this stream warrants further investigation. An analysis of trophic state has confirmed the results from 2015, indicating that Fox Point Lake is oligotrophic and approaching mesotrophic, which means it has low to moderate biological 33 productivity. Increased biological productivity could shift the trophic state to mesotrophic; highlighting the importance of managing anthropogenic activities within the drainage basin to prevent cultural eutrophication. Thermal stratification was monitored at two locations in the lake in 2016. The lake was thermally stratified from June to October and both monitoring sites displayed severe dissolved oxygen depletion in the bottom layer of the lake (hypolimnion), with oxygen concentrations dropping to < 3 mg/L. If biological productivity increases in Fox Point Lake, oxygen conditions in the hypolimnion may become hypoxic (< 2 mg/L) or anoxic (< 1 mg/L) (USGS, 2014), which causes a shift in microbial decomposition from aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria, which decompose organic material 20 times slower and release gases that are toxic to aquatic organisms. Anoxic conditions can also lead to the release of phosphorus and metals from bottom sediments through oxidation reduction reactions (Hayes et al., 1985). Bottom sediments of Fox Point Lake may be holding a significant amount of phosphorus, given the number of run-off siltation events in recent years. If the bottom of the lake becomes anoxic, internal phosphorus loading could lead to algal blooms and increased aquatic plant growth in the lake (Brylinsky, 2004). 4.0 Recommendations The monitoring program at Fox Point Lake should continue. If biological productivity increases in the lake, due to excessive external or internal nutrient loading, the lake is at risk of increased algal blooms, anoxic conditions, and a decrease in its ability to support aquatic life. The South Inlet stream has exhibited poor water quality, it is a source of excessive nutrient loading for the lake, and it is likely suffering from anthropogenic impacts.  Increase monitoring efforts in the South Inlet stream. A detailed stream assessment should be conducted along the entire length of this stream to identify sources of habitat degradation, pollution, and nutrient inputs. Pending the results of a stream health assessment, a second sampling site may be recommended further upstream towards the headwaters of this stream.  Residents of FPL should continue to visually monitor the lake for algal blooms. 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World Health Organization. 2003. Cyanobacterial toxins: Microcystin-LR in Drinking Water. Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 2nd ed. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1998. REQUEST FOR DECISION Prepared By:Pam Myra, Municipal Clerk Date February 15, 2017 Reviewed By:Date Authorized By:Tammy Wilson, CAO Date March 9, 2017 CURRENT SITUATION Presently salaries are determined using the 2016/17 Salary Band Schedule approved by Council on Mach 10, 2016 (2016-103/107). RECOMMENDATION Information –refer to options. BACKGROUND Annually Council considers applying the previous year’s Consumer Price Index Rate (All Items for Nova Scotia). This has traditionally been done prior to the beginning of the April 1 Fiscal Year to ensure a smoot transition for payroll calculations (reducing the need for Payroll Staff to determine wages/salaries for hours incurred from April 1 to the approval date). DISCUSSION Policy P-09 –Remuneration of Warden, Deputy Warden and Councillors states in Section D “Annually the Municipal Council considers the cost of living increase which has taken place over the previous year and will approve an increase in the level of compensation which is to be payable to all employees of the Municipality under Section 5.3.1. The percentage increase approved for staff will also apply to the remuneration paid to the Warden ,Deputy Warden and Councillors. Policy P-55-Personnel Policy states “ 5.3.1 “Annually, the Municipal Council of the District of Chester will consider the increase which has taken place in the costs of living over the previous year and will approve a percentage increase in the level of compensation which is to be payable to all employees of the Municipality who are paid a salary The Salary Scales will be revised each year by the amount of the percentage increase approved by Council. The percentage increase amount will be determined by Council and may be equal to, REPORT TO:Committee of the Whole –March 2, 2107 SUBMITTED BY:CAO/Clerk DATE:February 15, 2017 SUBJECT:Cost of Living Increase (Consumer Price Index) ORIGIN:Annual Consideration 2 Request For Decision/Direction greater, or less than, the increase in the Consumer Price Index (all items for Nova Scotia) for the previous year If the Consumer Price Index (all items for Nova Scotia) is determined to be a negative amount, the Salary Scales will remain the same as the previous year, as approved by Council. Attached is a table showing the history of CPI and the amounts approved. IMPLICATIONS Policy Policy P-09 Remuneration of Warden, Deputy Warden, and Councillors (Section D). Policy P-55 Personnel Policy (Section 5.3.1) Financial/Budgetary Will result in an increase in employee annual salaries of 1.2% over the 2016/17 EmployeeSalaries equating to approximately $33,146.00 from March 31, 2017 to April 1, 2018 (thisdoes not include part-time wages). Will result in an increase in Council Remuneration of 1.2% over the 2016/17 Remunerationequating to approximately $1,450.00 (this does not include remuneration of CommitteeMembers) Environmental Not applicable. Strategic Plan Not applicable. Work Program Implications Approval of the CPI prior to April 1 will reduce the need for additional resources (time) required to apply CPI to regular and overtime salaries/wages incurred from April 1 to the approval date. OPTIONS1.Approve the amendment to the Salary Bands re: Consumer Price Index –All Items for NovaScotia (2016) in the amount of 1.2% and give notice of intention to amend Policy P-09(Sections A, B, and C) to update the salaries of Councillors.2.Not approve the amendment to the Salary Bands re: Consumer Price Index –All Items forNova Scotia (2016) in the amount of 1.2%. 3 Request For Decision/Direction3.Approve the amendment to the Salary Bands in a percentage amount that differs from re:Consumer Price Index-All Items for Nova Scotia (2016). ATTACHMENTS1.Copy of information from Government of Canada website.2.Copy of Policy P-09 Remuneration of Warden, Deputy Warden, and Councillors (Section D)3.Copy of Policy P-55 Personnel Policy (Section 5.3.1)4.Calculations –Impact of CPI for Council/Staff5.2016/17 Salary Band Schedule showing 1.2% increase figures6.History of Consumer Price Index 2012 to 2016 COMMUNICATIONS (INTERNAL/EXTERNAL) Not applicable. MUNICIPALITY OF THE DISTRICT OF CHESTER Consumer Price Index HistoryYearAmountMotion20033.0%February 13, 20032003-064/078 -A... approve the 3% Consumer Price Index increase forsalary levels as per policy.@20043.4%March 29, 20042004-157/196 -A... the Salary Scales be increased by the 2003 ConsumerPrice Index for Nova Scotia -All Items amount of 3.4% as per the PersonnelPolicy.@20051.8%10, 20052005-109/116 -A...a cost of living increase in the amount of 1.8% to staffand Council effective April 1, 2005.@20062.8%March 9, 20062006-114/124 -A... the Consumer Price Index cost of living increase as perthe information obtained from Statistics Canada in the amount of 2.8%effective April 1, 2006.@20072.1%February 26, 20072007-090/095 -A... use the Consumer Price Index reference of 2.1% as abase for cost of living increases effective April 1, 2007.@20081.9%February 14, 20082008-070/082 -A... that the cost of living increase for 2008 be set at 1.9%,the Consumer Price Index for all items.@20093.0%February 12, 20092009-043/057 -A... the cost of living increase for 2009/10 be set at 3.0%,the Consumer Price Index for All Items as per information obtained fromStatistics Canada, effective April 1, 2009.@2010NilFebruary 25, 20102010-073/096 -“... use the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Nova Scotia as aguideline for salary range adjustments for 2010/11 and since the CPI for2009 was -0.2% there will be no adjustments for 2010/11.”2011 2.2%February 24, 20112011-084/117 -“... the cost of living for 2010/11 be set at 2.2 %, theConsumer Price Index (CPI) for All Items (NS) as per information obtainedfrom Statistics Canada, effective April 1, 2011.” 2012 3.8%February 9, 20122012-046/063 “… the cost of living for 2012/13 be set at 3.8%, the ConsumerPrice Index for All Items as per information obtained from Statistics Canada,effective April 1, 2012.”2013 2.0%May 23, 20132013-242 –“…approve the 2013/14 Operating Budget in the amount of$22,436,136.00, which includes a Residential/ Resource Tax Rate of .66cents and a Commercial/Business Occupancy Tax Rate of $1.53; the 2013/14Capital Budget in the amount of $12,182,050.00; and the increase of DeedTransfer Tax to 1.5% as per changes discussed.”(documents attached at theend of minutes)2014 1.2%February 27, 20142014-057/89 –“… the use of the 2013 Consumer Price Index for all items inNS at 1.2% for budgeting purposes.”2015 1.7%February 26, 20152015-40/68 -MOVED by Deputy Warden Shatford, SECONDED by CouncillorArmstrong that the Committee of the Whole recommend to Council toincrease the Salary Bands and Council remuneration as per Policy P-55Personnel Policy (Section 5) and Policy P-09 Remuneration of Warden,Deputy Warden and Councillors by 1.7% (All Items for Nova Scotia 2014) forfiscal year 2015-16. CARRIED.2016 0.4%March 10, 20162016-103/107 -“… approve an adjustment to MODC employee’ssalaries/salary ranges in an amount equal to the previous year’s ConsumerPrice Index Rate of 0.4%, with the increase to be effective April 1, 2016.”2017 1.2%2018201920202021202220232024